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We hypothesized that transplantation of a Notch signaling-modified mesenchymal stem cell (SB623 cell) patch would induce angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in ischemic lesions, leading to improvement of left ventricular (LV) function in a rat ICM model. Two weeks after the induction of ischemia, SB623 cell patch transplantation into ICM rats (SB group, n = 10) or a sham operation (no-treatment group, n = 10) was performed. The LV ejection fraction was significantly improved at 6 weeks after SB623 cell patch transplantation ( P &lt; 0.001). Histological findings revealed that the number of von Willebrand factor (vWF)-positive capillary vessels ( P &lt; 0.01) and alpha smooth muscle actin (\u03b1SMA)- and vWF-positive arterioles with a diameter greater than 20 \u00b5m ( P = 0.002) was significantly increased in the SB group, suggesting the induction of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Moreover, rat cardiomyocytes treated with SB623 cell patch transplantation showed upregulation of ephrin-B2 ( P = 0.03) and EphB4 ( P = 0.01) gene expression, indicating arteriogenesis induction. In conclusion, SB623 cell patch transplantation improved LV function by inducing angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in a rat ICM model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897231154580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T08:28:25Z","timestamp":1679473705000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Notch Signaling-Modified Mesenchymal Stem Cell Patch Improves Left Ventricular Function via Arteriogenesis Induction in a Rat Myocardial Infarction Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Shusaku","family":"Maeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka 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