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Artificial tracheae made of polypropylene and collagen sponge were used in clinical studies to reconstitute tracheae after resection. For early epithelialization of the luminal surface of the artificial trachea, a model was established, that is, an artificial trachea covered with human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived airway epithelial cells (hiPSC-AECs) was transplanted into a tracheal defect in an immunodeficient rat. Unlike the cell types of hiPSC-derived cells that are currently used in clinical studies, AECs maintain tissues by proliferation and differentiation of basal cells into various cell types that constitute AECs constantly. Therefore, post-transplantation, the proportion of each cell type, such as ciliated and goblet cells, may change; however, no studies have examined this possibility. In this study, using our hiPSC-AEC-transplanted rat model, we investigated changes in the proportion of each cell type in hiPSC-AECs pre-transplantation and post-transplantation. As a result, the proportion of each cell type changed post-transplantation. The proportion of ciliated, basal, and club cells increased, and the proportion of goblet cells decreased post-transplantation. In addition, the proportion of each cell type in engrafted hiPSC-AECs is more similar to the proportion of each cell type in normal proximal airway tissue than the proportion of each cell type pre-transplantation. The results of this study are useful for the development of therapeutic techniques using hiPSC-AEC transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897241228026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T06:45:47Z","timestamp":1708325147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in the Proportion of Each Cell Type After hiPSC-Derived Airway Epithelia Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Kitano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 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