{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:51:23Z","timestamp":1789645883234,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tianjin Health Research Projects","award":["TJWJ2023ZD003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJWJ2023ZD003"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009812","name":"Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Y-NCJH202201-0027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y-NCJH202201-0027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009812","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009812","name":"Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Y-2022YMJN\/MS-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y-2022YMJN\/MS-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009812","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cell Transplant"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to investigate whether soluble B-cell maturation antigen (sBCMA) levels could be predictive biomarker for short-term and long-term therapeutic efficacy and survival outcomes following anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (R\/R MM). We enrolled 29 R\/R MM patients who received anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy. In short-term observation, proportion of MM cells, expression of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and sBCMA in bone marrow (BM) were evaluated, along with adverse events, correlation between sBCMA levels and short-term efficacy or survival outcomes were evaluated. In long-term observation, expressions of sBCMA were observed up to 24 months after therapy or until disease progression again in patients who achieved an objective response (ORR). Progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), correlation between sBCMA levels, and long-term outcomes were analyzed. In short-term observation, high expressions of sBCMA in BM were associated with poor efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy, while the proportion of MM cells in BM and BCMA expression in MM cells were not associated with poor efficacy of therapy. After 2 months of infusion, sBCMA levels decreased significantly, especially in patients who obtained ORR. In long-term follow-up, for patients who achieved ORR, the sBCMA levels significantly increased again when their disease progressed once more. Notably, R\/R MM patients with extramedullary disease (EMD) demonstrated a higher likelihood of disease progression again. In patients achieved ORR, peaks of CAR-T cells correlated with proportion of MM cells, not with BCMA and sBCMA expression. Additionally, sBCMA levels were independent of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) severity. We suggest that sBCMA levels in BM might serve as a predictive biomarker for anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy efficacy prior to treatment and for disease progression during long-term monitoring. The trail register name is China Clinical Trial Register. URL are\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/bin\/project\/edit?pid=28999\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/bin\/project\/edit?pid=28999<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    and\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/bin\/project\/edit?pid=53962\">https:\/\/www.chictr.org.cn\/bin\/project\/edit?pid=53962<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    . Registration numbers are\n                    <jats:italic>ChiCTR1800017051<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ChiCTR2000033925<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09636897251374203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T08:19:59Z","timestamp":1758356399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Correlation between the expression of soluble BCMA and short-term\/long-term curative effect and survival outcomes of anti-BCMA CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Mingwei","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology &amp; Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6995-8298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siyan","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Can","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The First Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuquan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology &amp; Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2017-05-743203"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-06-653261"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.56.2025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407222"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-024-01191-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI126397"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-711903"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1817226"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2024-009220"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01530-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01555-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2019.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2019000050"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(23)00246-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2024026212"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-022-00716-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-10824-3"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","article-title":"Clinical analysis of the correlation between the expression of soluble B cell maturation antigen and the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cell targeting B cell maturation antigen in patients with multiple myeloma","volume":"45","author":"Gao SQ","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao SQ, Mu J, Li X, Wang J, Cui R, Li JY, Sui T, Deng Q. Clinical analysis of the correlation between the expression of soluble B cell maturation antigen and the efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cell targeting B cell maturation antigen in patients with multiple myeloma. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2024;45(4):378\u201382.","journal-title":"Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25428"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-019-0823-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01613"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.15116"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0254"},{"issue":"399","key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa0984","article-title":"A single dose of peripherally infused EGFRvIII-directed CAR T cells mediates antigen loss and induces adaptive resistance in patients with recurrent glioblastoma","volume":"9","author":"O\u2019Rourke DM","year":"2017","unstructured":"O\u2019Rourke DM, Nasrallah MP, Desai A, Melenhorst JJ, Mansfield K, Morrissette JJD, Martinez-Lage M, Brem S, Maloney E, Shen A, Isaacs R, et al. A single dose of peripherally infused EGFRvIII-directed CAR T cells mediates antigen loss and induces adaptive resistance in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Sci Transl Med. 2017;9(399):eaaa0984.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1215134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402346"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2017.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.15.77"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.77.8084"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2012.09241.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2224"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2006.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.150896"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","first-page":"103378","article-title":"Serum soluble BCMA can be used to monitor relapse of multiple myeloma patients after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy","volume":"71","author":"Shen Y","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shen Y, Liu J, Wang B, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Wang X, Jia Y, Meng X, Wang X, Fan X, He A, et al. Serum soluble BCMA can be used to monitor relapse of multiple myeloma patients after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy. Curr Res Transl Med. 2023;71(2):103378.","journal-title":"Curr Res Transl Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.720571"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.2958"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-703751"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0653-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.148"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.14680"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2018.11.002"}],"container-title":["Cell Transplantation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09636897251374203","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09636897251374203","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09636897251374203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:36:15Z","timestamp":1777390575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09636897251374203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09636897251374203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09636897251374203","relation":{},"ISSN":["0963-6897","1555-3892"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0963-6897","type":"print"},{"value":"1555-3892","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"article-number":"09636897251374203"}}