{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:04:09Z","timestamp":1777485849701,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Curr Dir Psychol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Not long ago, poor language skills did not necessarily interfere with the quality of a person's life. Many occupations did not require sophisticated language or literacy. Interactions with other people could reasonably be restricted to family members and a few social or business contacts. But in the 21st century, advances in technology and burgeoning population centers have made it necessary for children to acquire high levels of proficiency with at least one language, in both spoken and written form. This situation increases the urgency for us to develop better theoretical accounts of the problems underlying disorders of language, including dyslexia. Empirical investigations of language-learning deficits largely focus on phonological representations and often ask to what extent labeling responses are \u201ccategorical.\u201d This article describes the history of this approach and presents some relevant findings regarding the perceptual organization of speech signals\u2014findings that should prompt us to expand our investigations of language disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0963721410383976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,12]],"date-time":"2010-10-12T19:14:46Z","timestamp":1286910886000},"page":"308-313","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["New Approaches to the Study of Childhood Language Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Susan","family":"Nittrouer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Pennington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Denver"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03210703"},{"key":"bibr2-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-08023-6_9"},{"key":"bibr3-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1486.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr4-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6393(99)00053-9"},{"key":"bibr5-0963721410383976","volume-title":"Categorical perception: The groundwork of cognition","author":"Harnad S.","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr6-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2009\/08-0220)"},{"key":"bibr7-0963721410383976","author":"Johnson E.P.","journal-title":"Journal of Communication Disorders"},{"key":"bibr8-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3629235"},{"key":"bibr9-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381770"},{"key":"bibr10-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0020279"},{"key":"bibr11-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0142716400009796"},{"key":"bibr12-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03211209"},{"key":"bibr13-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3298435"},{"key":"bibr14-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.60.110707.163548"},{"key":"bibr15-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.101.1.129"},{"key":"bibr16-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7233191"},{"key":"bibr17-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.92.1.81"},{"key":"bibr18-0963721410383976","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0029078"}],"container-title":["Current Directions in Psychological Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0963721410383976","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0963721410383976","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0963721410383976","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T14:26:59Z","timestamp":1777386419000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0963721410383976"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0963721410383976"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0963721410383976","relation":{},"ISSN":["0963-7214","1467-8721"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0963-7214","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-8721","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}}}