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During tissue inflammation or injury, the interaction between sympathetic nerves and the sensory nervous system may lead to the aggravation of pain. Inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1\u03b2 play a key role in soft tissue injury and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and thus affect the perception and regulation of pain through sympathetic nerve pathways. The efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of pain disorders has been verified in clinical practice, and significant results have been achieved. As an exogenous nerve stimulation technique, acupuncture can stimulate a variety of anti-inflammatory pathways mediated by sympathetic nerves, to regulate the activity of sympathetic nerves and the release of neurotransmitters, regulate inflammatory cytokines and signaling pathways, and interfere with nerve\u2013immune interaction, thus inducing anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In conclusion, acupuncture treatment has shown positive effects in the management of pain caused by sympathetic nerves and soft tissues, and the mechanism may involve the regulation of the nervous system mediated by the modulation of inflammatory factors. These findings provide a scientific basis for the use of acupuncture in pain management and, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, suggest new directions for future research. This article explores the pathways underlying acupuncture analgesia and specifically examines the role of sympathetic nerves.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09645284261462987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:20:30Z","timestamp":1785842430000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anti-inflammatory mechanisms underlying sympathetic nervous system\u2013mediated acupuncture analgesia"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9669-4394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dao-peng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-yan","family":"Teng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Obesity Treatment), Wuhan, China"},{"name":"Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hubei Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Obesity Treatment), Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie-yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Obesity Treatment), Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi-wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Obesity Treatment), Wuhan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raja SN Carr DB Cohen M et al. 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