{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:45:07Z","timestamp":1777855507949,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Adolf Kussmaul (1822\u20131902) studied medicine at Heidelberg and Vienna, and practised in Kandern in the Black Forest until, in 1854, ill health forced him to quit country practice. Drawn by Rudolf Virchow to W\u00fcrzburg, he took his MD there in 1855, after which he held academic posts in Heidelberg, Erlangen, Freiburg and Strasburg until 1888, when he retired to Heidelberg and in his closing years composed Jugenderinnerungen, memoirs of his youth. Periarteritis (polyarteritis) nodosa, pulsus paradoxus, the paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure on inspiration in constrictive pericarditis and the \u201cair hunger\u201d of diabetic ketosis are all evidence of shrewd clinical observation and interpretation associated with his name.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096777200301100114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T21:05:06Z","timestamp":1484082306000},"page":"55-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Adolf Kussmaul (1822\u20131902): From Youth to Maturity under the Influence of Virchow"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"C S","family":"Breathnach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Westphal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-096777200301100114","volume-title":"Jugenderinnerungen eines alten Arztes","author":"Kussmaul A.","year":"1899"},{"key":"bibr2-096777200301100114","first-page":"3","volume":"8","author":"Virchow R.","year":"1855","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f\u00fcr klinische Medizin"},{"key":"bibr3-096777200301100114","first-page":"197","volume":"82","author":"Rather LJ","year":"1966","journal-title":"Archives of Pathology"},{"key":"bibr4-096777200301100114","first-page":"53","year":"1902","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr5-096777200301100114","volume-title":"Untersuchungen \u00fcber Ursprung und Wesen der fallsuchtartigen Zuckungen bei der Verblutung sowie der Fallsucht \u00fcberhaupt","author":"Kussmaul A","year":"1857"},{"key":"bibr6-096777200301100114","volume-title":"Untersuchungen \u00fcber den constitutionellen Mercurialismus und sein Verh\u00e4ltniss zur constitutionellen Syphilis","author":"Kussmaul A.","year":"1861"},{"key":"bibr7-096777200301100114","volume-title":"Untersuchungen \u00fcber das Seelenleben des neugeborenen Menschen","author":"Kussmaul A.","year":"1859"},{"key":"bibr8-096777200301100114","first-page":"135","volume-title":"Die Seele des Kindes","author":"Preyer W.","year":"1882"},{"key":"bibr9-096777200301100114","unstructured":"Kussmaul A. Die St\u00f6rungen der Sprache. Versuch einer Pathologie der Sprache. Leipzig: FCW Vogle, 1877: p. 299. Reprinted in von Ziemssen HW, Ed. Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie. Leipzig: Vogel, vol. XII. Translated by McCreery JA. Disturbances of speech. In: von Ziemmsen HW, Ed. Cyclopaedia of the Practice of Medicine. New York: Wood, 1878: vol. XIV, pp. 581\u2013875. Quoted by Editor. Journal of the American Medical Association 1964;189:146\u20137."},{"key":"bibr10-096777200301100114","first-page":"476","volume-title":"Handbook of Clinical Neurology","author":"Meyers R.","year":"1969"},{"key":"bibr11-096777200301100114","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Kussmaul A.","year":"1868","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"bibr12-096777200301100114","first-page":"455","volume":"6","author":"Kussmaul A.","year":"1869","journal-title":"Deutsches Archiv f\u00fcr klinische Medizin"},{"key":"bibr13-096777200301100114","unstructured":"Firkin BG, Whitworth JA. Dictionary of Medical Eponyms (2nd edn). 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