{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:45:42Z","timestamp":1777855542117,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]],"date-time":"2004-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1099267200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>After a brief career in public health, Thomas Morison Legge was appointed to become the first medical factory inspector, in 1898, and remained in post until his resignation in 1927. During his tenure in office he became the leading authority on lead poisoning and anthrax; he resigned when the government refused to ratify the White Lead Convention. Subsequently he became the first medical adviser to the Trades Union Congress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/096777200401200407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T05:15:53Z","timestamp":1484284553000},"page":"202-209","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Thomas Morison Legge (1863\u20131932): The First Medical Factory Inspector"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tony","family":"Waldron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-096777200401200407","first-page":"85","volume":"21","author":"Lee WR","year":"1964","journal-title":"British Journal of Industrial Medicine"},{"key":"bibr2-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Internal Home Office memo, 28 June 1898, Public Records Office, Kew (PRO) HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr3-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Internal Home Office memo, 28 June 1898, Public Records Office, Kew (PRO) HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr4-096777200401200407","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/35.Jubilee_Issue.23"},{"key":"bibr5-096777200401200407","volume-title":"The Victorian Translation of China, James Legges' Oriental Pilgrimage","author":"Giradot NJ","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr6-096777200401200407","unstructured":"The late Dr Robert Murray possessed several of Legge's personal papers, including letters from Legge to his sister Sylvia. He kindly gave copies of these to the author before his death and agreed that he might use them in accounts of Legge's life and work. He also gave a transcript of his interview with Sylvia Legge on 16 March 1972. Extracts from the papers and the interview are quoted and will be referred to as Legge papers (LP) and Murray transcript (MT)."},{"key":"bibr7-096777200401200407","unstructured":"There were 10 lectures in all and the undated syllabus has survived: Legge TM. Syllabus of a course of 10 lectures on hygiene, Oxford University."},{"key":"bibr8-096777200401200407","volume-title":"Public Health in European Capitals: Berlin, Paris, Brussels, Christiana, Stockholm, and Copenhagen","author":"Legge TM","year":"1896"},{"key":"bibr9-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Phossy jaw was a type of osteomyelitis of the mandible that afflicted those who handled yellow phosphorus when making matches."},{"key":"bibr10-096777200401200407","first-page":"1007","volume":"77","author":"Legge TM","year":"1929","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society of Arts"},{"key":"bibr11-096777200401200407","first-page":"1007","volume":"77","author":"Legge TM","year":"1929","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society of Arts"},{"key":"bibr12-096777200401200407","first-page":"431","volume-title":"Annual Report of Chief Inspector of Factories and Workshops","author":"Legge TM","year":"1900"},{"key":"bibr13-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM Annual Report of Chief Inspector of Factories and Workshops. London: HMSO, 1904: p. 306."},{"key":"bibr14-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM Industrial Maladies. London: Oxford University Press, 1934: p. 58."},{"key":"bibr15-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Oliver T. Occupations from the Social, Hygienic and Medical Points of View. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1916: pp. 78\u20139."},{"key":"bibr16-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 14): p. 57."},{"key":"bibr17-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 14): p. 23."},{"key":"bibr18-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Draft letter, 14 July 1910. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr19-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Home Office minute, 20 July 1910. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr20-096777200401200407","volume-title":"Lead Poisoning and Lead Absorption: The Symptoms, Pathology and Prevention, with Special Reference to Their Industrial Origin, and an Account of the Principal Processes Involving Risk","author":"Legge TM","year":"1912"},{"key":"bibr21-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM, Goadby KW Lead Poisoning and Lead Absorption: The Symptoms, Pathology and Prevention, with Special Reference to Their Industrial Origin, and an Account of the Principal Processes Involving Risk. London: Edward Arnold, 1912 p. 207."},{"key":"bibr22-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM, Goadby KW Lead Poisoning and Lead Absorption: The Symptoms, Pathology and Prevention, with Special Reference to Their Industrial Origin, and an Account of the Principal Processes Involving Risk. London: Edward Arnold, 1912: p. 240."},{"key":"bibr23-096777200401200407","first-page":"689","author":"Legge TM","year":"1905","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr24-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge misstated the incidence in wool sorters in the published account of his lecture, giving it as 1.3%; 64 cases occurred in 4262 individuals at risk, which is actually 1.5%."},{"key":"bibr25-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 14): pp. 92\u20134."},{"key":"bibr26-096777200401200407","unstructured":"These were commonly referred to as Crookes' lenses and protected against ultraviolet radiation as well as infrared."},{"key":"bibr27-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 14): pp. 25\u20139."},{"key":"bibr28-096777200401200407","volume-title":"Lessons Learnt From Industrial Gases and Fumes","author":"Legge TM","year":"1930"},{"key":"bibr29-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 14): pp. 29\u201330."},{"key":"bibr30-096777200401200407","first-page":"144","volume":"38","author":"Legge TM","year":"1915","journal-title":"Transactions of the Medical Society of London"},{"key":"bibr31-096777200401200407","unstructured":"This type of fan mixed the air within the working area so that the concentration of solvent was diluted but evenly spread throughout; there was no extraction of the toxic solvent vapour from the atmosphere."},{"key":"bibr32-096777200401200407","first-page":"121","volume":"2","author":"Legge TM","year":"1920","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial Hygiene"},{"key":"bibr33-096777200401200407","first-page":"125","volume":"2","author":"Legge TM","year":"1920","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial Hygiene"},{"key":"bibr34-096777200401200407","first-page":"373","volume":"78","author":"Legge TM","year":"1929","journal-title":"Strand Magazine"},{"key":"bibr35-096777200401200407","first-page":"61","volume":"12","author":"Legge TM","year":"1931","journal-title":"Labour Magazine"},{"key":"bibr36-096777200401200407","first-page":"1115","author":"Legge TM","year":"1927","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr37-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 28): p. 8."},{"key":"bibr38-096777200401200407","unstructured":"LP (op. cit. ref. 6). 23 October 1921."},{"key":"bibr39-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Internal memorandum. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr40-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Home Office minute, 25 November 1926. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr41-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Draft letter, undated. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr42-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Internal memorandum. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr43-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Internal memorandum, 29 November 1926. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr44-096777200401200407","unstructured":"The figures are different from those in Legge's letter to his sister, since those in the letter refer to votes in the Commission and in\n                      The Times\n                      letter to votes in the full Conference."},{"key":"bibr45-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Question raised on 2 December 1926. PRO, HO45\/12185;"},{"key":"bibr46-096777200401200407","unstructured":"MT (op. cit. ref. 6)."},{"key":"bibr47-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Founded in 1921 by Sir Ernest Cassel for the psychological casualties of World War I."},{"key":"bibr48-096777200401200407","unstructured":"MT (op. cit. ref. 6)."},{"key":"bibr49-096777200401200407","unstructured":"22 December 1926. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr50-096777200401200407","unstructured":"6 October 1928. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr51-096777200401200407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson to Fletcher, 15 October 1928. PRO, HO45\/12185.","DOI":"10.5962\/p.321916"},{"key":"bibr52-096777200401200407","unstructured":"26 October 1926. PRO, HO45\/12185."},{"key":"bibr53-096777200401200407","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilson to Fletcher, 30 October 1928. PRO, HO45\/12185.","DOI":"10.2307\/1968291"},{"key":"bibr54-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Legge TM (op. cit. ref. 35): pp. 61\u20134."},{"key":"bibr55-096777200401200407","unstructured":"The death certificate records his death as due to angina pectoris secondary to atheroma of the coronary arteries. Autopsy was not carried out. It is interesting that on the death certificate his occupation is described as medical inspector of factories, rather than medical adviser to the TUC."},{"key":"bibr56-096777200401200407","unstructured":"Awarded triennially by the Royal College of Physicians of London for work done in the preceding 10 years in advancing sanitary science or in promoting public health. Legge was awarded the medal in 1924."},{"key":"bibr57-096777200401200407","unstructured":"MT (op. cit. ref. 6)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/096777200401200407","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/096777200401200407","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:26:20Z","timestamp":1777505180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/096777200401200407"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/096777200401200407"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/096777200401200407","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-7720","1758-1087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-7720","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]}}}