{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:44:13Z","timestamp":1777855453422,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]],"date-time":"2016-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>James Moores Ball (1862\u20131929) was an ophthalmologist in St. Louis, Missouri, who excelled as a medical historian and collector of rare and historic books about the history of anatomy. During his lifetime, he was best known as the author of a comprehensive, authoritative, and popular textbook titled Modern Ophthalmology. First published in 1904, there were five further editions. Ball was very interested in the history of anatomy and wrote two books on this subject, the first being a biography of Andreas Vesalius, one of the earliest in English, and the second a history of the resurrection men or grave robbers who sold corpses to professors of anatomy and surgery for teaching purposes. His legacy today is the 470 volumes of his personal library, which are now in the Archives and Rare Books department of the Becker Medical Library of the Washington University School of Medicine. These texts are one of their major collections, concentrating on the history of anatomy, beginning with a first edition of Vesalius's De Humani Corporis Fabrica and holding many important and beautiful landmark volumes of anatomical atlases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0967772016633340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,17]],"date-time":"2016-06-17T22:13:24Z","timestamp":1466201604000},"page":"301-308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["James Moores Ball: Ophthalmologist, medical historian, bibliophile"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Robert M","family":"Feibel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, and the Center for History Of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(29)92307-2","volume":"12","author":"Post LT","year":"1929","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bibr2-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1929.00810010757010"},{"key":"bibr3-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Dr. James Moores Ball. Transactions of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Am Acad Ophth Oto. 1929: 509\u2013510."},{"key":"bibr4-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Obituary St. Louis Daily Globe-Democrat, 2 March 1929."},{"key":"bibr5-0967772016633340","unstructured":"James Moores Ball Papers, Bernard Becker Medical Library Archives, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. (Accessed on multiple occasions)."},{"key":"bibr6-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2015.02.003"},{"key":"bibr7-0967772016633340","volume-title":"Modern ophthalmology. A practical treatise on the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the eye","author":"Ball JM","year":"1904"},{"key":"bibr8-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Book Notices. Modern ophthalmology.\n                      Annals of Ophthalmology\n                      1904; 13: 692\u2013698."},{"key":"bibr9-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reviews.\n                      Br Med J\n                      1905; 1: 197.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2300.195"},{"key":"bibr10-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Book Notices. EJ [Edward Jackson].\n                      American Journal of Ophthalmology\n                      1926; 9: 712\u2013713.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(26)90502-3"},{"key":"bibr11-0967772016633340","volume-title":"Modern ophthalmology. A practical treatise on the anatomy, physiology, and diseases of the eye","volume":"6","author":"Ball JM","year":"1927"},{"key":"bibr12-0967772016633340","first-page":"369","volume":"4","author":"Ball JM","year":"1887","journal-title":"Iowa State Medical Reporter"},{"key":"bibr13-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1887.02391370001001"},{"key":"bibr14-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(28)90884-3"},{"key":"bibr15-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(27)90766-1"},{"key":"bibr16-0967772016633340","volume-title":"Andreas Vesalius. The reformer of anatomy","author":"Ball JM","year":"1910"},{"key":"bibr17-0967772016633340","first-page":"489","volume":"2","author":"Ball JM","year":"1895","journal-title":"Tri-State Medical Journal"},{"key":"bibr18-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1832853"},{"key":"bibr19-0967772016633340","volume-title":"The Sack-\u2018Em-Up Men. An account of the rise and fall of the modern resurrectionists","author":"Ball JM","year":"1928"},{"key":"bibr20-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Reviews and notices of books.\n                      Lancet\n                      1929; 1: 134\u2013135."},{"key":"bibr21-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Notes on books.\n                      Br Med J\n                      1929; 1: 510.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.3558.510"},{"key":"bibr22-0967772016633340","first-page":"143","volume":"12","author":"Fox LW","year":"1929","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"bibr23-0967772016633340","volume-title":"The body snatchers. Doctors, grave robbers, and the law","author":"Ball JM","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr24-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scientific notes and news.\n                      Science\n                      1923; 58: 263.","DOI":"10.1126\/science.58.1488.11.b"},{"key":"bibr25-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1924.02660180068034"},{"key":"bibr26-0967772016633340","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(23)90280-1"},{"key":"bibr27-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Otis Historical Archives, OHA 107: Ball Ophthalmic Museum Collection, National Museum of Health and Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland. https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/medicalmuseum\/albums\/72157615646240388 (accessed 27\u201328 May 2015)."},{"key":"bibr28-0967772016633340","volume-title":"The medical history collections of James Moores Ball in the St. Louis Medical Society Library","author":"Baumgarten W","year":"1967"},{"key":"bibr29-0967772016633340","unstructured":"Vekerdy L. \u201cThe James Moores Ball Collection.\u201d Rare Books @ Becker: Highlights from the Bernard Becker Medical Library Collections. Bernard Becker Medical Library, http:\/\/beckerexhibits.wustl.edu\/rare\/collections\/ball.html (accessed 11 May 2015)."}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772016633340","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0967772016633340","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772016633340","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:25:07Z","timestamp":1777505107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0967772016633340"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0967772016633340"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0967772016633340","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-7720","1758-1087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-7720","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,8]]}}}