{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:44:31Z","timestamp":1777855471008,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475020800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effect of World War 1 military service on composers has been neglected in comparison with poets and artists. This article describes the wartime service of Arthur Bliss, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Ivor Gurney, EJ Moeran, Gordon Jacob, Patrick Hadley, and Maurice Ravel. The relationship between experiences of combat and the psychological health of these men is examined, with consideration being given to predisposition and possible causative influences of military service on their later careers, examined from individual and societal perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0967772016664692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T21:29:26Z","timestamp":1475098166000},"page":"227-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The music of war: Seven World War 1 composers and their experience of combat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Jonathan RT","family":"Davidson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Duke University Medical Center, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Roscow G (ed).\n                      Bliss on music: Selected writings of Arthur Bliss 1920\u20131975\n                      . New York: Oxford University Press, 1990."},{"key":"bibr2-0967772016664692","volume-title":"As I remember","author":"Bliss A","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr3-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20313"},{"key":"bibr4-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-2346.12115"},{"key":"bibr5-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Burn A.\n                      Morning heroes\/hymn to Apollo (CD recording notes)\n                      . Colchester, Essex, England: Chandos Records Ltd."},{"key":"bibr6-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Williams CH.\n                      Lives in letters. A New England family, 1870-2000.\n                      Lexington, KY: Createspace, 2015."},{"key":"bibr7-0967772016664692","volume-title":"R.V.W. A biography of Ralph Vaughan Williams","author":"Vaughan Williams U","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr8-0967772016664692","first-page":"1","volume":"24","author":"Beidler P","year":"2012","journal-title":"War, Literature Arts"},{"key":"bibr9-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Kennedy M. Vaughan Williams Symphonies Nos. 3 & 4. Notes for EMI recording, Bernard Haitinck and the London Symphony Orchestra. Recorded XII. 1996. The Coliseum, Watford."},{"key":"bibr10-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Connock S.\n                      The Life Ralph Vaughan Williams\n                      , http:\/\/www.rvwsociety.com\/bio_expanded.html (accessed 7 May 2016)."},{"key":"bibr11-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ml\/62.3-4.300"},{"key":"bibr12-0967772016664692","first-page":"3","volume":"43","author":"Hipp D","year":"2000","journal-title":"English Literature Trans 1880-1920"},{"key":"bibr13-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Blevins P. New perspectives on Ivor Gurney\u2019s mental illness, http:\/\/www.musicweb-international.com\/classrev\/2002\/Jun02\/Gurney_mental.htm (accessed 15 June 2016)."},{"key":"bibr14-0967772016664692","volume-title":"A war of nerves. Soldiers and psychiatrists in the twentieth century","author":"Shephard B","year":"2001"},{"key":"bibr15-0967772016664692","volume-title":"The music of E.J.Moeran","author":"Self G","year":"1986"},{"key":"bibr16-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Maxwell I.\n                      The importance of being Ernest John: Challenging misconceptions about the life and works of E.J.Moeran.\n                      Durham theses, Durham University, https:\/\/etheses.dur.ac.uk\/10752\/."},{"key":"bibr17-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Weedon R. E.J.Moeran\u2019s war, http:\/\/www.warcomposers.co.uk\/moeranbio.html (accessed 5 June 2016)."},{"key":"bibr18-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kildea PF (ed).\n                      Britten on music\n                      . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198167143.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr19-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Ogram G. Gordon Jacob (1895\u20131984), http:\/\/musicweb-international.com\/hadley\/ (accessed 3 July 2016)."},{"key":"bibr20-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Liddle P. Captured memories 1900-1918. Across the threshold of war, Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Military, 2010, pp. 201\u2013213."},{"key":"bibr21-0967772016664692","unstructured":"Ogram G. Personal communication to the author, 4 July 2016."},{"key":"bibr22-0967772016664692","unstructured":"France J. Patrick Hadley \u2013 a brief biography, http:\/\/www.musicweb-international.com\/hadley\/ (accessed 7 July 2016)."},{"key":"bibr23-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.296.6636.1585"},{"key":"bibr24-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.00351.x"},{"key":"bibr25-0967772016664692","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mq\/LIII.4.467"},{"key":"bibr26-0967772016664692","volume-title":"A war imagined: The First World War and English culture","author":"Hynes S","year":"1990"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772016664692","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0967772016664692","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772016664692","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:25:27Z","timestamp":1777505127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0967772016664692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0967772016664692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0967772016664692","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-7720","1758-1087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-7720","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]}}}