{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:44:49Z","timestamp":1777855489869,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535673600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>New Zealand-born surgeon Douglas Jolly was studying in London at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. He joined a British volunteer medical team and in December 1936 was placed in charge of a mobile medical unit of Spain\u2019s Republican Army. For the following two years, he took part in every major battle of the war, operating as close as possible to the front line. In that time he made significant contributions to trauma surgery, especially for abdominal injuries, and developed a \u2018three-points-forward\u2019 triage system. He described these medical innovations in a handbook which became highly influential among Allied medical services in Second World War, Korea and Vietnam. Jolly served with the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) in the Middle East during Second World War and was awarded a military OBE.After the war, he became Chief Medical Officer of Queen Mary\u2019s Orthopaedic Hospital, Roehampton. He has been described as \u2018a pioneer in the field of surgical treatment for trauma and one of the most notable war surgeons of the 20th century.\u2019 In belated local recognition of this innovative and dedicated pioneer of trauma surgery, a memorial to Jolly will be unveiled in his home town of Cromwell, New Zealand in 2018.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0967772018754940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]],"date-time":"2018-08-31T05:01:09Z","timestamp":1535691669000},"page":"224-232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Douglas Waddell Jolly (1904\u20131983) \u2013 New Zealand pioneer of modern battlefield surgery"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Derby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0967772018754940","volume-title":"The Spanish Civil War","author":"Thomas H","year":"1961"},{"key":"bibr2-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Elva Jolly E.\n                      Provincial Pioneers\n                      , MS-papers-5757-04, Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand."},{"key":"#cr-split#-bibr3-0967772018754940.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Medical unit for Spain. Lancet, 22 August 1936, p. 447","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)48377-7"},{"key":"#cr-split#-bibr3-0967772018754940.2","unstructured":"Fyrth J, The Signal was Spain - the Spanish Aid Movement in Britain, 1936-39. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1986, p. 21."},{"key":"bibr4-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D. Letter to family, 8 February 1937, Painter family papers."},{"key":"bibr5-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D. Surgical curiosities in two wars. Unpublished manuscript, undated, p. 3."},{"key":"bibr6-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Workers\u2019 Weekly,\n                      \u2018Democracy against fascism \u2013 Dr Jolly\u2019s views on Spain\u2019, 17 March 1939, p. 1."},{"key":"bibr7-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"For a detailed description\n                      ,\n                      see Saxton R. A mobile laboratory in Spain.\n                      Lancet\n                      , 16 April 1938, p. 916.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)94248-X"},{"key":"bibr8-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Simon J. Letter to Fredericka Martin, 18 January 1971, Fredericka Martin papers, Box 3, Folder 41, Tamiment Library, New York University."},{"key":"bibr9-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D.\n                      Field surgery in total war\n                      . London: Hamish Hamilton Medical Books, 1941, p. 6."},{"key":"bibr10-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Broggi M. Personal communication, 26 January 2010."},{"key":"bibr11-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez A. Unpublished memoir, International Brigades Memorial Trust, London."},{"key":"bibr12-0967772018754940","unstructured":"P. Feiwel quoted in Arthur M. The real band of brothers \u2013 first-hand accounts from the last British survivors of the Spanish Civil War, London: Collins, 2009, pp. 77\u201378."},{"key":"bibr13-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Transcript of interview with Irene Grant, Jones family collection."},{"key":"bibr14-0967772018754940","volume-title":"The Gallant Cause \u2013 Canadians in the Spanish Civil War 1936-1939","author":"Zuehlke M","year":"1996"},{"key":"bibr15-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D. Personal letter, 31 August 1937, Painter family papers."},{"key":"bibr16-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Ibid."},{"key":"bibr17-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D. Emergency abdominal surgery: its significance in an Antifascist Army.\n                      AMI\n                      1937; 6: 10\u201311."},{"key":"bibr18-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly,\n                      Field Surgery\n                      , p. 236."},{"key":"bibr19-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly, \u2018Surgical Curiosities\u2019, p. 54."},{"key":"bibr20-0967772018754940","volume-title":"British women and the Spanish Civil War","author":"Jackson A","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr21-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly,\n                      Field Surgery\n                      , p. 34."},{"key":"bibr22-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obituary.\n                      British Medical Journal\n                      1984; 288: 798.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6419.798"},{"key":"bibr23-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Press\n                      (Christchurch), Own correspondent, \u2018Two years in Spain \u2013 New Zealand Doctor\u2019s experiences\u2019. 18 February 1939, p. 16."},{"key":"bibr24-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Trueta JP. Maurice Newman (obituary).\n                      Eugenics Review\n                      1949; 41: 111."},{"key":"bibr25-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obituary.\n                      British Medical Journal\n                      1984; 288: 298.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6431.1698"},{"key":"bibr26-0967772018754940","unstructured":"See, for example, Britain\u2019s lieutenant colonel J. C. Watts \u2013 \u2018Fortunately for me there had recently been the civil war in Spain, which had brought a number of improvements in the management of war wounds. These had been well described by Jolly, a British surgeon working with Republican forces.\u2019\n                      Surgeon at War.\n                      London: George Allen and Unwin, 1955, p. 18."},{"key":"bibr27-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM194707312370504"},{"key":"bibr28-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Colonel DC Monro, 24 July 1941, quoted in Shackleton M.\n                      Desert surgeons\n                      . Wellington: Ngaio Press, 2011, p. 70."},{"key":"bibr29-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Jolly D. Letter to Fredericka Martin, 29 January 1972, Fredericka Martin papers, Box 3, Folder 41, Tamiment Library, New York University."},{"key":"bibr30-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Lieutenant colonel DW Jolly, military service record, Army Personnel Centre, MS Support Division, Glasgow, UK."},{"key":"bibr31-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(45)90393-X"},{"key":"bibr32-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Brigadier HC Edwards to lieutenant colonel D. Jolly, 10 November 1945, Jones family collection."},{"key":"bibr33-0967772018754940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obituary.\n                      British Medical Journal\n                      1984; 288: 288\u2013298.","DOI":"10.1177\/030802268504800921"},{"key":"bibr34-0967772018754940","volume-title":"One man\u2019s medicine","author":"Cochrane A","year":"1989"},{"key":"bibr35-0967772018754940","unstructured":"Brigadier HC Edwards to lieutenant colonel D. Jolly, 10 November 1945, Jones family collection."},{"key":"bibr36-0967772018754940","first-page":"253","volume":"171","author":"Adams DB","year":"1990","journal-title":"Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Biography"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772018754940","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0967772018754940","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0967772018754940","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T23:25:41Z","timestamp":1777505141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0967772018754940"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0967772018754940"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0967772018754940","relation":{},"ISSN":["0967-7720","1758-1087"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0967-7720","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1087","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,31]]}}}