{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:44:55Z","timestamp":1777855495760,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]],"date-time":"2019-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Matisse (1869\u20131954) is regarded\u2014along with Pablo Picasso\u2014as one of the most influential contemporary artists of the 20th century. Books, biographies and illustrations often show the artist in a wheelchair or in bed, producing cut-papers with a pair of scissors or painting with a specially extended brush. Usually it is reported that abdominal surgery left Matisse chair- and bed-bound. The life of Matisse was marked by various further health problems that have never been considered in full in a medical journal. Moreover, his biography is full of examples of the reverse interaction between health and art, whereby not only health problems influenced his art but also how his artistic activity had an impact on his health and mental condition. Therefore, a comprehensive view on the relationship between health and art in the life and art of Matisse is attempted here. Matisse's medical history not only provides an instructive example of life-long multiple somatic and psychosomatic health issues, but also contributes to the humanistic view of medicine by demonstrating how he impressively captured the problems of his artistic work and life through vitality and creative power.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0967772018820763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T01:53:35Z","timestamp":1568858015000},"page":"63-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Henri Matisse's medical history: Multiple health problems and impact on creativity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6354-6949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henning","family":"Zeidler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Henri Matisse In Nice. Nice\u2014April 1950, www.gettyimages.de\/license\/160651466 (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr2-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Matisse at the H\u00f4tel R\u00e9gina, Nice, c. 1952. Photographer: Lydia Delectorskaya.\u00a9 Succession Henri Matisse, www.tate.org.uk\/context-comment\/blogs\/step-matisses-studio (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr3-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Gemsenj\u00e4ger-Mercier E. Henri Matisse\u2019s medical biography revisited. A clinical case record: The 1941 operation, illustrated by the artist. German, French, English. Basel, Suisse: EMH Schweizerischer \u00c4rzteverlag; 2017."},{"key":"bibr4-0967772018820763","volume-title":"The unknown Matisse: a life of Henri Matisse: the early years, 1869\u20131908","author":"Spurling H","year":"1998"},{"key":"bibr5-0967772018820763","volume-title":"Matisse the Master: a life of Henri Matisse: the conquest of colour, 1909\u20131954","author":"Spurling H","year":"2005"},{"key":"bibr6-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Henri Matisse. Selected Photographs, www.henri-matisse.net\/photographs.html (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr7-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Pleins feux sur l'oeuvre d'Henri Matisse dans huit mus\u00e9es de Nice. Foto of Matisse, www.leparisien.fr\/informations\/pleins-feux-sur-l-oeuvre-d-henri-matisse-dans-huit-musees-de-nice-21-06-2013-2917001.php (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr8-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Portrait of Matisse, Andre Derain, Date 1905. Wikiart. Visual Art Encyclopedia. last edit: 2 Sep, 2017 by Emillo. \u00a9 public domain in the United States, www.wikiart.org\/en\/andre-derain\/portrait-of-matisse-1905 (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr9-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Self-portrait. Henri Matisse 1945. \u00a9 2000\u20132018 The Athenaeum, www.the-athenaeum.org\/art\/detail.php?ID=105745 (accessed 3 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr10-0967772018820763","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003065113476088"},{"key":"bibr11-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Letter of Matisse to Henry Clifford. About the retrospective at the Philadelphia Museum February 14, 1948. In: Flam J (ed.)\n                      Henri Matisse\n                      . K\u00f6ln: K\u00f6nemann, 1994, p. 248."},{"key":"bibr12-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Sooke A. Henri Matisse. A second life. London: Penguin Books, 2014, p. 63."},{"key":"bibr13-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Studio under the Eaves. Henri Matisse, 1903. Fitzwilliam Museum (University of Cambridge), Cambridge, UK (Wikiart. Visual Art Encyclopedia, last edit: 24 May 2013 by xennex). \u00a9 Public domain in the United States, www.wikiart.org\/en\/henri-matisse\/studio-under-the-eaves (accessed 7 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr14-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Dance (II). Henri Matisse, 1910, 260\u2009\u00d7\u2009391\u2009cm. Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia (Wikiart. Visual Art Encyclopedia). \u00a9 Public domain in the United States, http:\/\/www.hermitagemuseum.org\/wps\/portal\/hermitage\/digital-collection\/01.+paintings\/28411 (accessed 21 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr15-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Still Life after de Heem's \u201cLa Desserte\u201d. Henri Matisse, 1915 (Wikiart. Visual Art Encyclopedia, last edit: 19 Jun, 2017 by onimul8). \u00a9 Public domain in the United States, www.wikiart.org\/en\/henri-matisse\/still-life-after-jan-davidsz-de-heem-s-la-desserte-1915 (accessed 22 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr16-0967772018820763","unstructured":"The Joy of Life, Original Title: Le Bonheur de Vivre. Henri Matisse, 1905\u20131906. Barnes Foundation, Lower Merion, PA, US (Wikiart. Visual Art Encyclopedia, last edit: 4 Nov, 2017 by Olga Tocnilkina). \u00a9 Public domain in the United States, www.wikiart.org\/en\/henri-matisse\/the-joy-of-life-1906 (accessed 23 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr17-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Still Life with a Magnolia. Henri Matisse 1941. Georges Pompidou Center, Paris, France, www.wikiart.org\/en\/henri-matisse\/still-life-with-a-magnolia-1941 (accessed 7 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr18-0967772018820763","volume-title":"Henri Matisse: drawing with scissors: masterpieces from the late years","author":"Berggruen O","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr19-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Jazz (Henri Matisse). From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jazz (Henri_Matisse) (accessed 17 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr20-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Henri Matisse. Paintings. The Fall of Icarus, www.henrimatisse.net\/paintings\/ea.html (accessed 17 May 2018)."},{"key":"bibr21-0967772018820763","unstructured":"Henri Matisse, frontispiece in the book Pasipha\u00e9: Chant de Minos (Les Cr\u00e9tois) by H. de Montherlant (Paris: Martin Fabiana, 1944). Linocut on Japan paper. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, the Reva and David Logan Collection of Illustrated Books. Art \u00a9 Succession H. 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