{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:45:49Z","timestamp":1777855549035,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Biogr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sait Bilal Golem is an Albanian veterinarian who graduated from the Military Veterinary School in 1920. Golem started his doctorate in microbiology at Alfort Veterinary School. In this process, he worked as an assistant to the world-renowned French microbiologist Dr Gaston Ramon at the Pasteur Institute. After his doctorate, he returned to Albania and established the Veterinary Affairs Organization and made significant contributions to its structuring in international standards. Dr Golem returned to T\u00fcrkiye in 1926 and started working at the Central Institute of Hygiene. Dr Golem, together with physicians and veterinarians at this institute, diagnosed brucellosis in animals and humans with serological methods for the first time in T\u00fcrkiye. Moreover, he isolated Newcastle virus from embryonated eggs for the first time and prepared Komarov type attenuated dry vaccine against this virus for the first time in T\u00fcrkiye. He conducted the first research on the diagnosis of Q fever and prepared the first intradermal BCG vaccine in T\u00fcrkiye. Through his studies for both public and animal health in T\u00fcrkiye, he has contributed to the One Health concept with an understanding that transcends time.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09677720221138326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,16]],"date-time":"2022-11-16T01:07:29Z","timestamp":1668560849000},"page":"131-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dr. Sait Bilal Golem (1899\u20131955): Veterinarian and pioneer researcher of public health in Albania and Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9248-6022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cagri Caglar","family":"Sinmez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"History of Veterinary Medicine and Deontology, Erciyes University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Batuhan","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vocational School of Health Services, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3402\/iee.v5.25300"},{"key":"bibr2-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00014"},{"key":"bibr3-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2326"},{"key":"bibr4-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Schwabe CW. Cattle, priests, and progress in medicine.  Minneapolis:  University of Minnesota Press,  1978; pp.  292."},{"key":"bibr5-09677720221138326","first-page":"389","volume":"47","author":"Battelli G","year":"2011","journal-title":"Veterinaria Italiana"},{"key":"bibr6-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2010.07.003"},{"key":"bibr7-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12697\/spe.2013.6.2.07"},{"key":"bibr8-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Erk N. Veteriner tarihi.  Ankara:  Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Bas\u0131mevi,  1966;  242."},{"key":"bibr9-09677720221138326","first-page":"109","volume":"11","author":"Meliko\u011flu B","year":"2011","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Veteriner Hekimleri Birli\u011fi Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr10-09677720221138326","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1501\/Vetfak_0000002650"},{"key":"bibr11-09677720221138326","first-page":"7","volume":"18","author":"Meliko\u011flu B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kafkas \u00dcniversitesi Veteriner Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr12-09677720221138326","first-page":"24","volume":"15","author":"Erk N","year":"1968","journal-title":"Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Veteriner Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr13-09677720221138326","first-page":"112","volume":"12","author":"Meliko\u011flu B","year":"2012","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk Veteriner Hekimleri Birli\u011fi Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr14-09677720221138326","first-page":"256","volume":"29","author":"Din\u00e7er F","year":"1982","journal-title":"Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Veteriner Fak\u00fcltesi Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr15-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Bekman M. Veteriner tarihi.  Ankara:  Ankara Bas\u0131m ve Ciltevi,  1940; pp.  526."},{"key":"bibr16-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Ministry of National Defense of T\u00fcrkiye Archive Sait Bilal Golem\u2019s military document 1, 2022."},{"key":"bibr17-09677720221138326","first-page":"3","volume":"15","author":"G\u00fcrsel A","year":"1955","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk \u0130jiyen ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr18-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Anonymous. Dr Bilal Golemi, studiuesi atdhetar i mikrobiologjis\u00eb dhe veterinaris\u00eb q\u00eb zuri vend n\u00eb analet e shkenc\u00ebs bot\u00ebrore.\n                      Gazeta Telegraf.\n                      Access adress: https:\/\/telegraf.al\/speciale\/dr-bilal-golemi-studiuesi-atdhetar-i-mikrobiologjise-dhe-veterinarise-qe-zuri-vend-ne-analet-e-shkences-boterore\/ (2019, accessed 13 April 2022)."},{"key":"bibr19-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Bori\u00e7i H. Vasfi samimit jeta dhe vepra.  2nd vol,  Tirana:  Shtypshkronjapp,  2008; pp.  478."},{"key":"bibr20-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Bilal S.\n                      A L\u2019\u00e9tude Du Bacille Pyog\u00e8ne De Poels\n                      (PhD thesis) Alfort Higher Veterinary School,  1926."},{"key":"bibr21-09677720221138326","unstructured":"The Grand National Assembly of T\u00fcrkiye, Parliamentary Minutes. (07.06.1926). 26, 2,3, p. 152. Access adress: https:\/\/www5.tbmm.gov.tr\/tutanaklar\/TUTANAK\/TBMM\/d02\/c026\/tbmm02026115.pdf. Access: 10.02.2022."},{"key":"bibr22-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Ministry of National Defense of T\u00fcrkiye Archive Sait Bilal Golem\u2019s military document 2, 2022."},{"key":"bibr23-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Presidency of the Republic of T\u00fcrkiye, Directorate of State Archives. BCA, 30-18-1-1\/30-64-2, p. 2, 28.10.1928."},{"key":"bibr24-09677720221138326","unstructured":"The Albanian State Archive. 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Access adress: https:\/\/aktivpress.com\/historia-e-shkencetarit-shqiptar-qe-tronditi-mbreterine (2017, accessed 10 April 2022)."},{"key":"bibr27-09677720221138326","first-page":"27","volume":"5","author":"Golem SB","year":"1945","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk \u0130jiyen ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Dergisi"},{"key":"bibr28-09677720221138326","first-page":"71","volume":"1","author":"Gotschlich E","year":"1938","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr29-09677720221138326","first-page":"133","volume":"2","author":"Gotschlich E","year":"1940","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr30-09677720221138326","first-page":"157","volume":"2","author":"Gotschlich E","year":"1940","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr31-09677720221138326","first-page":"177","volume":"2","author":"Golem SB","year":"1940","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr32-09677720221138326","first-page":"34","volume":"4","author":"Golem SB","year":"1944","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr33-09677720221138326","first-page":"92","volume":"3","author":"Golem SB","year":"1943","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr34-09677720221138326","first-page":"105","volume":"3","author":"Golem SB","year":"1943","journal-title":"T\u00fcrk H\u0131fz\u0131ss\u0131hha ve Tecr\u00fcbi Biyoloji Mecmuas\u0131"},{"key":"bibr35-09677720221138326","unstructured":"Akcan Kale AS.\n                      Burdur y\u00f6resinde t\u00fcketime sunulan taze beyaz peynirlerde Brucella spp. varl\u0131\u011f\u0131\n                      . 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