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He had a distinguished medical career in North America and Europe which spanned important developments in medical research and education and culminated in appointment as Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford University. He was a resident physician at the newly created Hospital of the Rockefeller Institute before the start of World War I. Serving with the Canadian Army Medical Corps in England, and responsible for the care of soldiers taken sick with highly virulent cerebrospinal meningitis, Ellis attempted an ambitious therapy and undertook laboratory investigations that impacted management of the disease directly. After the war, he became the Director of the Medical Unit and the first Professor of Medicine in the University of London at the London Hospital, and subsequently Regius Professor of Medicine in Oxford in World War II. 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