{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:06:11Z","timestamp":1792069571247,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Screen"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a preventive programme for haemoglobinopathies in a single centre in Northeastern Iraq.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Premarital screening, genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis (PND) were implemented over a 5 year period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among a total of 108,264 screened individuals (54,132 couples), \u03b2-thalassaemia trait, \u03b4\u03b2-thalassaemia trait, and sickle cell trait were diagnosed in 3.98%, 0.11% and 0.07%, respectively. Of 130 at risk couples (2.4\/1000), 107 (82%) were available for follow up, with 105 couples (98.1%) proceeding with their marriage after counselling. In the 125 registered pregnancies in the latter couples, PND was performed in 85 (in 80 couples, uptake 76%). Selective termination was chosen in 10 of the 11 pregnancies with an affected fetus. Six affected babies were born among couples who declined PND. At the same time 30 already married couples with at least one thalassaemic child underwent PND, revealing three affected fetuses; all three pregnancies were terminated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The programme revealed that most at risk couples diagnosed by premarital screening chose to proceed with their marriage, with 76% seeking PND followed by selective termination of an affected fetus. A 65% reduction in number of affected births was reported over the 5 year period. This regional programme could serve as a prototype for a national haemoglobinopathy prevention programme.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0969141313508105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]],"date-time":"2013-10-21T21:59:59Z","timestamp":1382392799000},"page":"171-176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The first five years of a preventive programme for haemoglobinopathies in Northeastern Iraq"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Nasir AS","family":"Al-Allawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana D","family":"Jalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sulaimaniyah, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najmaddin H","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azad H","family":"Faraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awaz","family":"Shalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sulaimaniyah, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanan","family":"Hamamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0969141313508105","volume-title":"Hemoglobinopathies Diagnosis","author":"Bain BJ","year":"2001","edition":"1"},{"key":"bibr2-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12687-012-0127-8"},{"key":"bibr3-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1968.11686542"},{"key":"bibr4-0969141313508105","first-page":"26","volume":"6","author":"Baker F","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Fac Med (Bag)"},{"key":"bibr5-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.26719\/1996.2.2.315","volume":"2","author":"Yahya HI","year":"1996","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"bibr6-0969141313508105","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"Hassan MK","year":"2003","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"bibr7-0969141313508105","first-page":"81","volume":"16","author":"Al-Allawi N","year":"2010","journal-title":"East Meditrr Health J"},{"key":"bibr8-0969141313508105","first-page":"77","volume":"84","author":"Alkasab FM","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"bibr9-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03630269.2012.692344"},{"key":"bibr10-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-6-17"},{"key":"bibr11-0969141313508105","first-page":"1","volume":"2","author":"Al-Allawi N","year":"2008","journal-title":"Duhok Med J"},{"key":"bibr12-0969141313508105","first-page":"291","volume":"7","author":"Angastiniotis MA","year":"1986","journal-title":"World Health Forum"},{"key":"bibr13-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03630260600868097"},{"key":"bibr14-0969141313508105","first-page":"71","volume":"2","author":"Jalal SD","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dohuk Med J"},{"key":"bibr15-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01676830.2010.513591"},{"key":"bibr16-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2010.90"},{"key":"bibr17-0969141313508105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amato A, Giordano PC. 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