{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:20:13Z","timestamp":1777929613740,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582675200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institute of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RN277163 - 356465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RN277163 - 356465"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nurs Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a significant discourse in the literature that opines that people who use illicit opiates are unable to provide informed consent due to withdrawal symptoms and cognitive impairment as a result of opiate use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper discusses the issues related to informed consent for this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethical considerations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethical approval was obtained from both the local REB and the university. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a qualitative interpretive descriptive study. 22 participants were interviewed, including 18 nurses, 2 social workers and 2 clinic support workers. The findings were analyzed using thematic analysis, which is a way of systematically reducing the complexity of the information to arrive at generalized explanations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The staff at the clinic were overwhelming clear in their judgment that people who use opiates can and should be able to participate in research and that their drug use is not a barrier to informed consent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is important to involve people who use opiates in research. Protectionist concerns about this population may be overstated. Such concerns do not promote the interests of research participants. People who use heroin need to be able to tell their story.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733020901814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T08:40:46Z","timestamp":1582706446000},"page":"666-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The patients have a story to tell: Informed consent for people who use illicit opiates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5986-4925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane","family":"McCall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6697-0515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J Craig","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ottawa, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Estafan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Caine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"bibr1-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2007.04567.x","volume":"62","author":"Smith LJ","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr2-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.03.002","volume":"32","author":"Geppert CMA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"7","key":"bibr3-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8519.2012.01969.x","volume":"27","author":"Henden E","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioethics"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr4-0969733020901814","first-page":"56","volume":"41","author":"Levy N","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Med Philos"},{"key":"bibr5-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2168479018771682"},{"issue":"12","key":"bibr6-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2017.1388449","volume":"17","author":"Steel D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Bioeth"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr7-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.06.011","volume":"86","author":"Anderson EE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"bibr8-0969733020901814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1441.030","volume":"1141","author":"Sinha R","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"bibr9-0969733020901814","unstructured":"Rosenfeld J. 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