{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:19:57Z","timestamp":1777929597458,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590019200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nurs Ethics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Midwives are required to make ethical decisions with the support of respective codes of professional ethics which provide a framework for decision making in clinical practice. While each midwife should be ethically aware and sensitive to the ever-changing issues within reproduction, few empirical studies have examined the views of student midwives in relation to reproductive ethical dilemmas.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to explore midwifery students\u2019 reactions to a number of ethical dilemmas relating to women\u2019s experiences of reproductive decision making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A series of focus groups were conducted with midwifery students who were asked to discuss five culturally significant scenarios including issues of knowledge acquisition regarding methods of family planning, removal or insertion of an intrauterine device, and abortion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A University in Turkey was the setting for this study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Purposeful sampling was adopted which resulted in five focus groups with a total of 57 midwifery students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ethical considerations:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study was reviewed and granted formal ethical approval by an ethical committee at the Faculty of Health Science in Atat\u00fcrk University. The head of the Faculty of Health Science approved the investigation. The participants received both oral and written information about the study and they gave their consent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five themes were identified from the analysis of the focus group data related to all five scenarios. These themes were \u2018the right to information\u2019, \u2018choice and protection\u2019, \u2018parental rights and welfare of the women\u2019, \u2018make a decision\u2019 and \u2018women rights and sexual abuse\u2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study has shown that while students respected women\u2019s choice, they also expressed great ambivalence in some situations when personal values conflict with dominant societal beliefs and professional ethics. A focus on ethics education to include human rights is suggested as a means to enable students to explore their own social-value judgements, and as a means to limit the possible development of ethical confusion and moral distress.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733020922875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]],"date-time":"2020-05-21T05:41:03Z","timestamp":1590039663000},"page":"1542-1555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Midwifery students\u2019 reactions to ethical dilemmas encountered in outpatient clinics"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Serap","family":"Ejder Apay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7408-5428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ay\u015fe","family":"G\u00fcrol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elif Ya\u011fmur","family":"G\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atat\u00fcrk University, Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Church","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London South Bank University, UK; Barts Health, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0969733020922875","unstructured":"International Confederation of Midwives. International code of ethics for midwives, 2014, https:\/\/www.hebammen.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/International-Code-of-Ethics-for-Midwives.pdf"},{"key":"bibr2-0969733020922875","unstructured":"http:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/MevzuatMetin\/1.5.2827.pdf (accessed 28 May 2019)."},{"key":"bibr3-0969733020922875","unstructured":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan: Sa\u011fl\u0131k Meslek Mensuplar\u0131 \u0130le Sa\u011fl\u0131k Hizmetlerinde \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Di\u011fer Meslek Mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130\u015f Ve G\u00f6rev Tan\u0131mlar\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik [From the Ministry of Health: Regulation on the job and duty definitions of health vocational professions and other vocational professions working in health services], 2014, https:\/\/www.resmigazete.gov.tr\/eskiler\/2014\/05\/20140522-14.htm"},{"key":"bibr4-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17932\/IAU.IAUD.m.13091352.2016.8\/29.17-35"},{"key":"bibr5-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0260-6917(03)00096-0"},{"key":"bibr6-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10730-005-4949-1"},{"key":"bibr7-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson JB. A human rights framework for midwifery care.\n                      J Midwifery Womens Health\n                      2004; 49(3): 175\u2013181.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1526-9523(03)00561-0"},{"key":"bibr8-0969733020922875","unstructured":"\u015eahino\u011flu S, \u00d6rs Y. Kad\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda T\u0131bbi Etik Sorunlar [Medical ethical issues in women\u2019s health], http:\/\/www.huksam.hacettepe.edu.tr\/Turkce\/SayfaDosya\/kadin_sagliginda_tibbi_etik.pdf (accessed 10 December 2016)."},{"key":"bibr9-0969733020922875","first-page":"34","volume-title":"Int J Hum Sci","volume":"10","author":"Koyun A","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr10-0969733020922875","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Kad\u0131n Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 [Women\u2019s health]","author":"Vural G","year":"2008"},{"key":"bibr11-0969733020922875","unstructured":"IPPF. Sexual and reproductive health and rights \u2013 the key to gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment, 2015, https:\/\/www.ippf.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020_gender_equality_report_web.pdf (accessed 9 March 2020)."},{"key":"bibr12-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2017.10.014"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr13-0969733020922875","first-page":"410","volume":"68","author":"Yanikkerem E","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pak Med Assoc"},{"key":"bibr14-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2017.10.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"bibr15-0969733020922875","first-page":"978","volume":"5","author":"Yousefzadeh S","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Midwifery Reprod H"},{"key":"bibr16-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2224\/sbp.2008.36.7.965"},{"key":"bibr17-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2012.10.005"},{"key":"bibr18-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2005.11.018"},{"key":"bibr19-0969733020922875","unstructured":"FIGO, https:\/\/www.figo.org\/news\/family-planning-human-right-0016025 (accessed 23 May 2019)."},{"key":"bibr20-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2950752"},{"key":"bibr21-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2015.09.006"},{"key":"bibr22-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-016-0264-3"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr23-0969733020922875","first-page":"225","volume-title":"Nurs Ethics","volume":"24","author":"\u015een E","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr24-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2004.02.013"},{"key":"bibr25-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40889-017-0033-3"},{"key":"bibr26-0969733020922875","volume-title":"Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology","author":"Krippendorff K.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr27-0969733020922875","volume-title":"Qualitative data analysis with ATLAS.ti","author":"Friese S","year":"2014","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr28-0969733020922875","unstructured":"Krueger RA, Casey MA.\n                      Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research\n                      . 5th ed. 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Value-based recruitment in midwifery: do the values align with what women say is important to them? J Adv Nurs 2016; 72(10): 2358\u20132368.","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.13038"},{"key":"bibr42-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910-018-0268-3"},{"key":"bibr43-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0969733014557140"},{"key":"bibr44-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jmwh.12462"},{"key":"bibr45-0969733020922875","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-015-1502-2"}],"container-title":["Nursing Ethics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0969733020922875","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0969733020922875","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0969733020922875","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:42:35Z","timestamp":1777678955000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0969733020922875"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0969733020922875"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0969733020922875","relation":{},"ISSN":["0969-7330","1477-0989"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0969-7330","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0989","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,21]]}}}