{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:20:41Z","timestamp":1777429241941,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]],"date-time":"2011-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298851200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia Pac J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study assessed the effect of intensive education on self-reported frequency of hand washing (FHW), measured quality of hand washing (QHW), and measured scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) after 7 days and 90 days home-based intensive education of participants (aged &gt;7 years) in households with a influenza-positive child. The authors provided intensive hand washing education using interactive participation including individual training, self-monitoring diary, provision of soap, and so on. There were significant improvements on FHW and QHW on day 7, control group (n\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 135) reported 3.9 hand washing episodes\/day, whereas the intervention group (n\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 140) reported 5.7 episodes\/day; control group (n\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 164) obtained a 3.2 measured quality score, whereas the intervention group (n\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 166) obtained a score of 6.4. Pre-education and 90 days post-education, FHW significantly improved by 2 episodes\/day and QHW increased by 3 scores\/episode. Knowledge of influenza and hand washing following coughing\/sneezing showed significant improvement, but attitude modification toward severity of influenza requires a more intensified and longer intervention.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539510393728","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,28]],"date-time":"2012-08-28T03:43:27Z","timestamp":1346125407000},"page":"577-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Effect of Intensive Hand Washing Education on Hand Washing Behaviors in Thai Households with an Influenza-Positive Child in Urban Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Suchada","family":"Kaewchana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Simmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Emerging Infections Program, Thailand MOPH-U.S. CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ratana","family":"Somrongthong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Piyarat","family":"Suntarattiwong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somrat","family":"Lertmaharit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tawee","family":"Chotipitayasunondh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health, Bangkok, Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1010539510393728","first-page":"684","volume":"54","author":"Viboud C","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"bibr2-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.045401"},{"key":"bibr3-1010539510393728","first-page":"488","volume":"37","author":"Clague B","year":"2006","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"bibr4-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.05.025"},{"key":"bibr5-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66912-7"},{"key":"bibr6-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599773"},{"key":"bibr7-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.1166"},{"key":"bibr8-1010539510393728","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care (advanced draft). http:\/\/www.who.int\/patientsafety\/information_centre\/ghhad_download_link\/en\/. Accessed July 20, 2006."},{"key":"bibr9-1010539510393728","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Says \u201cTake 3\u201d Actions to Fight the Flu. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/flu\/protect\/preventing.htm. Accessed November 25, 2009."},{"key":"bibr10-1010539510393728","unstructured":"Thailand Ministry of Public Health. Public Health Advice No.1-8 Pandemic H1N1 2009. http:\/\/www.mfa.go.th\/web\/2933.php?page=1. Accessed on November 25, 2009."},{"key":"bibr11-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539509335500"},{"key":"bibr12-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02074.x"},{"key":"bibr13-1010539510393728","unstructured":"Curtis V, Cardosi J, Scott B. The Handwashing Handbook: A guide for Developing a Hygiene Promotion to Increase Handwashing With Soap. 2000. http:\/\/siteresources.worldbank.org\/INTWSS\/Publications\/20389151\/HandwashingHandbook.pdf. Accessed July 20, 2009."},{"key":"bibr14-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.18.4.364"},{"key":"bibr15-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01342.x"},{"key":"bibr16-1010539510393728","unstructured":"Newby TJ, Stepich DA, Lehman JD, Russell JD. Instructional Technology for Technology and Learning: Introduction to Instructional Technology for Teaching and Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications; 1996:48."},{"key":"bibr17-1010539510393728","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539508322242"},{"key":"bibr18-1010539510393728","unstructured":"Ajzen L. The Theory of Planned Behavior: Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 1991. http:\/\/www.courses.umass.edu\/psyc661\/pdf\/tpb.obhdp.pdf. 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