{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:42:56Z","timestamp":1777430576370,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,1]],"date-time":"2018-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1535760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"special fund for science and technology of social development in Kunshan","award":["KS1765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KS1765"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia Pac J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study assessed the noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks associated with formaldehyde exposure for employees working in 4 categories of public places in Kunshan City in China. A total of 564 different public places, which can be divided into 4 categories (hotel and social interaction places, bathing and beauty places, cultural and entertainment places, and shopping places), and 2716 indoor air samples in those places were measured from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2015. The average concentration of formaldehyde was 0.57 mg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which is 5.7 times the acceptable concentration level (0.1 mg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). The noncarcinogenic risk assessment index for the 4 categories of places tested was above 1. The carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde for employees of the 4 categories of public places was 4.70 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>\n                    to 1.57 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which was greater than the acceptable carcinogenic risk probability (1 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) from the US Environmental Protection Agency. The highest carcinogenic risk occurred in bathing and beauty places, and male employee carcinogenic risk was greater than that of females. Occupational formaldehyde exposure has serious noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks for employees, and further research is needed to improve indoor air quality in the workplace environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539518800348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]],"date-time":"2018-09-15T23:23:52Z","timestamp":1537053832000},"page":"551-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Formaldehyde Exposure in Indoor Air From Public Places and Its Associated Health Risks in Kunshan City, China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenlei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kunshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kewei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baoying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"China Center for Diseases Control, Beijing, People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es202132u"},{"key":"bibr2-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.001081139"},{"key":"bibr3-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2015.1134371"},{"key":"bibr4-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es071127s"},{"key":"bibr5-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9884"},{"key":"bibr6-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0079553"},{"key":"bibr7-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.08.072"},{"key":"bibr8-1010539518800348","volume-title":"Indoor Air Quality Standard","author":"GAQSIQ","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr9-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-012-0975-3"},{"key":"bibr10-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2009.06.002"},{"key":"bibr11-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2008.08.094"},{"key":"bibr12-1010539518800348","volume-title":"Regulations Concerning the Administration of Public Health","author":"Ministry of Health of the People\u2019s Republic of China","year":"1987"},{"key":"bibr13-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.09.003"},{"key":"bibr14-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2016.08.012"},{"key":"bibr15-1010539518800348","first-page":"40","volume":"37","author":"Zhang JP","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Pollut Control"},{"key":"bibr16-1010539518800348","first-page":"99","volume":"29","author":"Duan XL","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Environ Health"},{"key":"bibr17-1010539518800348","first-page":"61","volume":"26","author":"Liu SM","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Public Health Prev Med"},{"key":"bibr18-1010539518800348","volume-title":"2013 Year Book of Health in the Peoples Republic of China","author":"National Health Commission of the People\u2019s Republic of China","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr19-1010539518800348","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2010.10.022"},{"issue":"06","key":"bibr20-1010539518800348","first-page":"7","author":"Feng WR","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Environ Hygiene"},{"key":"bibr21-1010539518800348","first-page":"757","volume":"25","author":"Li TT","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Environ Health"},{"key":"bibr22-1010539518800348","unstructured":"GB China National Standard. 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