{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:50:50Z","timestamp":1777431050441,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council 2021 Investigator Grant","award":["2008697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2008697"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia Pac J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health issues in Bhutan. This study aimed to evaluate epidemiology of TB and predictors of poor treatment outcomes in Sarpang District, Bhutan. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using TB case-based surveillance data of Sarpang District from 2005 to 2021. The outcome of interest was poor treatment outcome. The potential predictors were analyzed using logistic regression. A total of 1704 TB cases were analyzed in this study. The poor outcome in this study was 6.6% with 2.6% deaths due to TB. The patients older than 65 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.58) and sputum non-conversion in the second month with acid-fast bacilli results of scanty (AOR = 3.08), 1+ (AOR = 7.12), and 2+ (AOR = 21.05) were the significant predictors of poor treatment outcome. Therefore, older age and sputum non-conversion in the second month should be given priority.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10105395251318112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T04:52:51Z","timestamp":1739422371000},"page":"257-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Epidemiological Profile of Tuberculosis Patients and Risk Factors for Poor Treatment Outcomes in Sarpang District, Bhutan: A 17 Years Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3975-2405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nar Bahadur","family":"Rai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Regional Referral Hospital, National Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Gelephu, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9529-4096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinley","family":"Penjor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing and Public Health, Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan, Thimphu, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8815-0912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amber Bahadur","family":"Gurung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Regional Referral Hospital, National Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Gelephu, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4291-1857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tshewang","family":"Samdrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Regional Referral Hospital, National Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Gelephu, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9944-3468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yonten","family":"Dargay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Regional Referral Hospital, National Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Gelephu, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0649-6371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samzang","family":"Samzang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sarpang General Hospital, National Medical Services, Ministry of Health, Sarpang, Bhutan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8857-2665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinley","family":"Wangdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Program, Global Health and Tropical Medicine, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Integrated National Guidelines for Management of Tuberculosis in Bhutan","author":"Ministry of Health","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ministry of Health. 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