{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:51:57Z","timestamp":1777431117772,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Asia Pac J Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    On 30 September 2021, Viet Duc University Hospital in Northern Vietnam, reported a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Delta outbreak, leading to an 18-day lockdown and repeated testing of all on-site individuals. At this time, SARS-CoV-2 was not yet circulating at scale among the general public and COVID-19 vaccination status varied among staff, patients, and caregivers. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE), attack rates (ARs), and adjusted risk ratios (aRRs) to identify factors associated with infection among infection-na\u00efve patients, caregivers, and staff using multivariable regression analysis. Among 630 at-risk individuals, there were 131 (21%) polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 cases including three deaths. The overall VE was 78%. Hospital staff and people who were fully vaccinated had a significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05). Our analysis shows the importance of being fully vaccinated in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospital settings.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10105395251360136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T12:19:37Z","timestamp":1754741977000},"page":"681-689","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preparing for Future Pandemics: Vaccine Effectiveness Against SARS-CoV-2 Variant in a High-Risk Hospital Environment\u2014A Case Study From Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1444-3120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hien Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Law, Governance and Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luong Huy","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Service Administration, Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thai Quang","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Than Huu","family":"Dao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Center for Disease Control, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kieu-Anh Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Center for Disease Control, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huyen Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Law, Governance and Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nghia Duy","family":"Ngu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Duong Nhu","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim-Nhung Thi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viet Duc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2497-8073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tung Son","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. Rogier van","family":"Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Vogt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Law, Governance and Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"},{"name":"The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khanh Cong","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"},{"name":"Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO COVID-19 dashboard. Published 2024. Accessed August 18 2024. https:\/\/data.who.int\/dashboards\/covid19"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13040604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaccas.2020.03.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.07.044"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","article-title":"Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 alpha and delta variants during a large nationwide outbreak in Vietnam, 2021","author":"Nguyen TT","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nguyen TT, Nguyen AT, Trinh TS, et al. Spatiotemporal evolution of SARS-CoV-2 alpha and delta variants during a large nationwide outbreak in Vietnam, 2021. medRxiv. 2023.","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. COVID-19 in Viet Nam situation report 61. Published 2021. 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Accessed July 12 2025. https:\/\/en.vietnamplus.vn\/nine-covid19-vaccines-approved-in-vietnam\/215780.vnp"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2021.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24171\/j.phrp.2021.0262"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","article-title":"Influence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations on cluster events among patients and staff in a tertiary-care hospital in Germany","volume":"2","author":"Eisenmann M","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eisenmann M, Rauschenberger V, Knies K, Schwarzmann G, Vogel U, Krone M. Influence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccinations on cluster events among patients and staff in a tertiary-care hospital in Germany. 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