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A systematic search of CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO-SPORTDiscus was conducted up to January 31, 2026, to identify randomized controlled trials enrolling adults with T2DM. Twenty studies (n = 981; 49.6% male; mean age 58.04 \u00b1 10.08 years; mean body mass index 28.03 \u00b1 4.43 kg\/m\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) with interventions lasting \u22658 weeks reporting fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), or total cholesterol (TC) were included. Data were extracted using standardized spreadsheets. Statistical analysis included standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals, heterogeneity assessment, and Egger\u2019s test for publication bias. Compared with routine pharmacological treatment, HIIT significantly improved FBG (SMD = \u22121.24), HbA1c (\u20131.40), HOMA-IR (\u20131.03), FINS (\u20130.97), HDL (0.86), and TG (\u20130.55) (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05), while no significant differences were observed for LDL, TC, or between HIIT and MICT. A 12-week, thrice-weekly HIIT protocol was most effective for glycemic control. High-intensity interval training\u2019s time efficiency and motivational appeal may enhance adherence and support implementation in clinical practice and public health programs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10105395261447325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T10:20:01Z","timestamp":1780222801000},"page":"452-462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Efficacy of High-Intensity Interval Training, Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training, and Routine Pharmacological Treatment on Glucolipid Metabolism in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6218-8428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuetong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Strength and Conditioning Training, Beijing Sport University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiupeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Education College, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canzhong","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2021.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539516663938"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12791"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2827"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028016653609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c220009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539520975266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/FIT.0000000000001110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2024-108947"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.70031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/FIT.0000000000000703"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"702","article-title":"Recent research advances in aerobic exercise therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"31","author":"Yuan AG","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan AG, Liu HW, Lei Y. 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