{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T15:24:01Z","timestamp":1784042641306,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the clinical efficacy and incidence of complications in the treatment of adult congenital high scapula (Sprengel deformity) using the modified combined Woodward and Green surgical approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From January 2020 to January 2024, 9 adult patients with congenital Sprengel deformity were treated with the modified Woodward and Green combined procedure. There were two males and seven females, aged 18\u201335\u00a0years (mean: 23.5 \u00b1 4.2\u00a0years), with 6 cases on the left and 3 on the right. The surgical procedure involved the modified combined Woodward and Green technique. Postoperatively, routine infection prevention, 4-weeks brace fixation, and rehabilitation guidance were performed. Shoulder appearance was evaluated using the Cavendish grading system; bilateral scapular height difference was measured; and shoulder function was assessed using the UCLA Shoulder Function Rating System, including pain, daily activity ability, range of motion, and muscle strength. Paired t-tests were used to analyze pre- and postoperative data with SPSS 22.0 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All 9 patients were followed up for 12\u201336\u00a0months (mean: 24.11 \u00b1 6.63\u00a0months). Postoperatively, shoulder appearance significantly improved, with marked reduction in scapular position, good correction of elevation and shrugging deformities, and near-normal shoulder contour. Cavendish grading improved significantly (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The scapular height difference decreased from 4.50 \u00b1 0.67\u00a0cm preoperatively to 0.89 \u00b1 0.77\u00a0cm at the last follow-up, and the UCLA shoulder function score increased from 23.44 \u00b1 1.57 to 30.33 \u00b1 0.67, with statistically significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001 for both).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The modified combined Woodward and Green procedure is a safe and effective treatment for adult congenital Sprengel deformity, significantly improving shoulder appearance and joint function. However, due to the small sample size and short follow-up period, future studies with larger samples and longer follow-ups are needed to accurately evaluate the long-term efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10225536261418722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T11:49:48Z","timestamp":1769082588000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modified combined Woodward and Green procedure for adult congenital Sprengel deformity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8178-4706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangjian","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhengzhou Orthopaedic Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2024.09.135"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-020-04560-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-025-03544-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.65B5.6643564"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0b013e318288b407"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001582"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"Congenitalelevation of the scapula in children. Anatomo-pathological and therapeutic study apropos of 27 cases","volume":"62","author":"Rigault P","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rigault P, Pouliquen JC, Guyonvarch G, et al. Congenitalelevation of the scapula in children. Anatomo-pathological and therapeutic study apropos of 27 cases. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 1976; 62: 5\u201326.","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05018-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","first-page":"291","article-title":"Beitrag zur Dislocation der Scapula","volume":"37","author":"Eulenberg M","year":"1863","unstructured":"Eulenberg M. Beitrag zur Dislocation der Scapula. Aml Ber Versamml Dtsch Naturf Aerzte Karlsbad 1863; 37: 291\u2013294.","journal-title":"Aml Ber Versamml Dtsch Naturf Aerzte Karlsbad"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/095952878006300116"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","first-page":"135","article-title":"Sprengel deformity","volume":"30","author":"Khan DMY","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khan DMY, Sohail AH, Khan I, et al. Sprengel deformity. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2018; 30(1): 135\u2013137.","journal-title":"J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000003523"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/1863-2548.15.210138"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-010-0265-7"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","first-page":"202","article-title":"Sprengel deformity: long-term follow-up study of 22 cases","volume":"12","author":"Farsetti P","year":"2003","unstructured":"Farsetti P, Weinstein SL, Caterini R, et al. Sprengel deformity: long-term follow-up study of 22 cases. J Pediatr Orthop B 2003; 12(3): 202\u2013210.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8121142"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BPB.0000000000001206"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2021.12.040"}],"container-title":["Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10225536261418722","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10225536261418722","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10225536261418722","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T23:33:13Z","timestamp":1777678393000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10225536261418722"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10225536261418722"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10225536261418722","relation":{},"ISSN":["1022-5536","2309-4990"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1022-5536","type":"print"},{"value":"2309-4990","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"article-number":"10225536261418722"}}