{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T13:59:28Z","timestamp":1781186368145,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extra-articular femoral or tibial malunion can distort anatomical landmarks, compromise the reliability of conventional alignment guides, and complicate total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Robotic-assisted TKA (RA-TKA) may improve the precision and reproducibility of bone preparation and component positioning in these anatomically challenging cases. This study reports one-year clinical and radiographic outcomes after single-stage RA-TKA performed without corrective osteotomy in patients with post-traumatic extra-articular deformities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective case series included nine patients (ten knees; one bilateral case) with symptomatic Kellgren\u2013Lawrence grade 4 post-traumatic knee arthritis and associated extra-articular deformity who underwent CT-based RA-TKA using the Robotic Arm Interactive Orthopedic System (RIO; Mako SmartRobotics\u2122, Stryker). Clinical outcomes included Knee Society Score (KSS 2011), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), visual analogue scale (VAS) pain, and range of motion (ROM) assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year. Radiographic alignment was assessed using Hip\u2013Knee\u2013Ankle (HKA) angle on scanograms and arithmetic hip\u2013knee\u2013ankle angle (aHKA) derived from CT-based planning and intraoperative console values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mean HKA improved from 168.3\u00b0 \u00b1 3.8\u00b0 preoperatively to 177.7\u00b0 \u00b1 1.4\u00b0 postoperatively (mean correction 9.4\u00b0 \u00b1 2.8\u00b0 toward neutral). Mean aHKA improved from \u22124.6\u00b0 \u00b1 5.0\u00b0 to \u22120.6\u00b0 \u00b1 2.7\u00b0 (mean correction +4.0\u00b0). Mean ROM increased from 95.5\u00b0 \u00b1 21.7\u00b0 preoperatively to 119.5\u00b0 \u00b1 17.4\u00b0 at 1\u00a0year. PROMs improved across timepoints. No major complications, including tracker pin site infection or periprosthetic fracture, were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In selected patients with post-traumatic extra-articular deformity deemed suitable for intra-articular compensation, single-stage RA-TKA without corrective osteotomy achieved consistent coronal alignment correction toward neutral and meaningful improvements in pain, ROM, and patient-reported outcomes at 1\u00a0year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10225536261459489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T10:59:12Z","timestamp":1781002752000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty in extra-articular post-traumatic deformities: A case series with one-year outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0072-7931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariam","family":"Zaighum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaquat National Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0662-4917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick Ze-En","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IMU University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8781-7942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai Kit","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunway Medical Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8023-651X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwa Sen","family":"Chua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sunway Medical Centre"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/or.2017.7374"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2015.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199110000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32531-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32344-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-015-3889-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eats.2019.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02293-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2002.33269"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2019.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e318146874f"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.103B6.BJJ-2020-2003.R1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","first-page":"497","article-title":"Robotic-Assisted total knee arthroplasty in the presence of extra-articular deformity","volume":"34","author":"Sodhi N","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sodhi N, Khlopas A, Ehiorobo JO, et al. 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