{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T03:13:52Z","timestamp":1777432432233,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australas Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the robust association of cognitive deficits (CD) with community functioning in people with schizophrenia and the inconsistent findings from the limited research on CD among people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), we evaluated the neurocognitive functions of patients with TRS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively collated data on cognition and selected demographic and clinical variables of 181 patients with TRS and 59 with treatment-responsive schizophrenia (non-TRS) admitted to a psychiatric rehabilitation facility from 2010 to 2019. The Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) was used to evaluate cognitive function. Multivariate analysis was utilised to compare the BACS scores of the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TRS patients had more severe CD than non-TRS patients, with the BACS composite score (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003), verbal memory and learning (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003), working memory (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .043), and psychomotor speed (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .004) significantly worse in the TRS group. There was no significant difference in the BACS scores between the 60% of the TRS patients who were treated with clozapine and the TRS patients (40%) treated with other antipsychotics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CD are more severe among patients with TRS than in non-TRS cohorts. The pathophysiology of CD among people with TRS and efficacy of interventions to ameliorate CD among this cohort warrant greater scrutiny.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562251391697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T18:04:55Z","timestamp":1761847495000},"page":"162-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are cognitive deficits more severe among people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia than treatment responders?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ananthakrishnan","family":"Koloth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Metropolitan Health Service"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Yeak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bentley Health Service"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somayyeh","family":"Azimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Metropolitan Health Service Mental Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radhakrishnan","family":"Koloth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peel and Rockingham Kwinana Health Service"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aneeka","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Beaches Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2604-0230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milan","family":"Dragovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Metropolitan Health Service Mental Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1989-6578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander Panickacheril","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bentley Health Service"},{"name":"The University of Western Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-022-01416-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2019.21.3\/amccleery"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20624"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0015"},{"key":"e_1_3_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13627"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_8_7_2","first-page":"448","article-title":"Treatment resistance in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of prevalence and correlates","volume":"45","author":"Diniz E","year":"2023","unstructured":"Diniz E, Fonseca L, Rocha D, et al. 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