{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,7]],"date-time":"2026-06-07T10:00:57Z","timestamp":1780826457957,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780531200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australas Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None of the studies has evaluated the prevalence of constipation among patients receiving clozapine using different assessment measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>200 patients receiving clozapine for \u22651\u00a0year were assessed cross-sectionally for constipation using different assessment methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>According to Rome-III\/IV criteria, 62% of participants met criteria for constipation. According to the Bristol Stool Chart, 28% of participants had constipation. The mean total score on the Constipation Assessment Scale was 3.06 (SD: 3.22). In 37.7% of the study sample, the cut-off for the Bowel Function index was met for constipation, with a mean score of 25.01 (SD: 22.64). Higher residual psychopathology was associated with higher severity of constipation as assessed by the Constipation Assessment Scale and Bowel Function Index. A higher severity of constipation, as evaluated by the Constipation Assessment Scale, was associated with higher disability. A higher level of constipation, as assessed using the Constipation Assessment Scale and the Bowel Function Index, was associated with poorer quality of life (QoL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study suggests that the prevalence of constipation among patients receiving clozapine varies from 28% to 62%, based on the assessment measure. Additionally, the present study suggests that the presence of constipation has a negative impact on QoL and disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562261455823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:26:18Z","timestamp":1780572378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["\u201cDoes assessment method influence the prevalence of constipation in patients receiving long-term clozapine?\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Rika","family":"Rijal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2714-2055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandeep","family":"Grover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"},{"name":"Northern Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Subho","family":"Chakrabarti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swapnajeet","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02051196"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17060863"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5TM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5TM, 5th ed. 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Psychiatry (Edgmont) 2007; 4: 28\u201337.","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","unstructured":"Indian Psychiatric Society. The Rehabilitation Committee of the Indian Psychiatric Society. IDEAS (indian disability evaluation and assessment scale) - a scale for measuring and quantifying disability in mental disorders. Indian Psychiatric Society Gurgaon 2002."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","first-page":"155","article-title":"EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D): an instrument for measuring quality of life","volume":"78","author":"Balestroni G","year":"2012","unstructured":"Balestroni G, Bertolotti G. EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D): an instrument for measuring quality of life. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2012; 78: 155\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/monaldi.2012.121","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1987.tb10566.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881107087976"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","first-page":"485","article-title":"Clozapine-related constipation: a retrospective study. Indian J","volume":"41","author":"Grover S","year":"2019","unstructured":"Grover S, Sahoo S, Hazari N. Clozapine-related constipation: a retrospective study. Indian J. 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