{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:44:58Z","timestamp":1792075498131,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Australas Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ideas presented in this paper are based on a presentation at a festschrift event marking the retirement of Professor Gordon Parker from UNSW, Sydney. Drawing on Gordon\u2019s depressive subtyping approach and his critiques of a unitary view of major depressive disorder and treatment-resistant depression (TRD), we aim to (i) explore differing models of ketamine for TRD \u2013 biomedical versus \u2018psychedelic-assisted\u2019 therapy, and (ii) whether there may be differential efficacy in each approach based on subtype and\/or childhood trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preliminary results from our study indicate in an open-label (but not randomised controlled) setting, biomedical ketamine may be superior in melancholic versus non-melancholic depression subtyped using Sydney Melancholia Prototypic Index. Studies of ketamine as a psychedelic agent combined with psychotherapy are lacking. We outline an empirical approach to determine whether ketamine with integrated psychotherapy has differential efficacy based on depressive subtype or past childhood trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/10398562261494440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T08:40:10Z","timestamp":1791880810000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ketamine administered biomedically or as psychedelic-assisted therapy in treatment-resistant depression: Differing efficacy based on depressive subtype or presence of childhood trauma?"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2976-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Bayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Black Dog Institute"},{"name":"University of New South Wales (UNSW)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Loo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Black Dog Institute"},{"name":"University of New South Wales (UNSW)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12501"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511544156"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511522208.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.06.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","first-page":"62","article-title":"Ketamine for the treatment of major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"1","author":"Nikolin S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nikolin S, Rodgers A, Schwaab A, et al. Ketamine for the treatment of major depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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Early or recent trauma in treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review. 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