{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:30:39Z","timestamp":1777930239748,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]],"date-time":"2002-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1009843200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Sixty-eight cases of suppurative, ulcerative endometritis associated with Bovine Herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) in postparturient dairy cows (62 Holsteins and 6 Jerseys, mean age 4.2 years) were confirmed by a combination of histopathology, fluorescent antibody assays, electron microscopic evaluation of uterus, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All cases occurred in the 3- to 28-day postpartum period, and histologic lesions among various cows were consistent when compared with postpartum interval. The endometrial lining epithelium was necrotic and ulcerated from 3 to 7 days postpartum, with only mild inflammation in the lamina propria and submucosa. From 1 to 4 weeks postpartum, the ulcers were confluent to diffuse. Epithelium was replaced by fibrinonecrotic, suppurative mats, resulting in severe bacterial pyometra by day 24. Seroprevalence to BHV-4 in one dairy with a history of 18 mortality cases was 36% (107 of 296). In a random sample of 8 cows from this herd, none had serologic titers in blood sampled 2 weeks prepartum, but 3 of 8 seroconverted with significant titers of 1:8 to 1:16 at 2 weeks postpartum. By 10 weeks postpartum, all 8 cows returned to negative serologic status. Two of 6 cats from the premises also had positive titers. Random serum samples taken from 480 dairy cattle at sale barns indicated 76 (16%) were positive by serum neutralization. Clinical signs, postparturient timing, and histologic lesions were very similar to those previously reported in Belgium with BHV-4. But sequence analysis of PCR products of the glycoprotein B region of 4 separate field isolates of endometriotropic BHV-4 suggests these field isolates were more closely related to the North American nonvirulent strain DN-599 than to the endometriotropic European strain V.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870201400602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T16:20:37Z","timestamp":1305217237000},"page":"457-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Seroprevalence and Comparison of Isolates of Endometriotropic Bovine Herpesvirus-4"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Kendall S.","family":"Frazier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31973."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles 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31973."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Liggett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31973."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31973."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"II","given":"Murray E.","family":"Hines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Tifton Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 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