{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:16:52Z","timestamp":1791915412034,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This is the first report of molecular characterization of US erysipelas field isolates and vaccine strains of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Erysipelas in pigs is mainly caused by E. rhusiopathiae serotypes 1a, 1b, and 2. In 2001, erysipelas reemerged as a clinical problem in pigs in the midwestern United States. In this work 90 erysipelas isolates (58 recent and 28 archived field isolates as well as 4 live-vaccine strains) were genetically characterized. Because of the limited availability of antiserum, 74\/90 isolates (44\/58 recent isolates) were serotyped. The serotype of the majority (79.6%) of the 44 recent isolates tested was determined to be 1a, 13.6% were serotype 1b, and 6.8% of recent isolates were serologically untypeable. Among all 90 isolates, 23 different PFGE patterns were identified. There were 43 isolates identified as serotype 1a with 4 genetic patterns: 38\/43, 1A(I); 3\/43, 1A(III); 1\/43, 1B(V); and 1\/43, 3B. Sixteen serotype 1b isolates had 11 unique genetic patterns: 4\/16 were genotype 1B(III), 2\/16 were genotype 3A(I), and 1\/16 was in genotype groups 1A(V), 1A(VI), 1A(VII), 1B(I), 1B(IV), 1B(VII), 2, 4, and 5. Six genetic patterns were distinguished among the 10 serotype 2 isolates: 1A(IV) (1\/10), 1A(V) (1\/10), 1B(VI) (1\/10), 2 (4\/10), 7 (1\/10), and 8 (2\/8). Erysipelas vaccine strains (modified live) were similar to each other but different from current field strains, sharing 78.6% identity with the most prevalent genotype 1A(I) based on the PFGE- SmaI pattern. Compared with serotyping, PFGE genotyping is a more distinguishing technique, easy to perform and not dependent on the limited availability of antiserum.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T16:26:52Z","timestamp":1305217612000},"page":"101-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["<i>Erysipelothrix Rhusiopathiae<\/i>\n                    : Genetic Characterization of Midwest US Isolates and Live Commercial Vaccines using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Opriessnig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, and Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. J.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, and Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. L.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, and Microbiology"},{"name":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. B.","family":"Gaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. G.","family":"Halbur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, and Microbiology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-104063870401600202","first-page":"60","volume":"21","author":"Amass SF","year":"1999","journal-title":"Comp Cont Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"bibr2-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/1811289b0"},{"key":"bibr3-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1269-1271.2000"},{"key":"bibr4-104063870401600202","unstructured":"National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS): 2002, Performance standards for antimicrobial disk and dilution susceptibility tests for bacteria isolated from animals, 2nd ed., approved standard, M31-A2:21\u201339. NCCLS, Wayne, PA."},{"key":"bibr5-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.11.4032-4036.2001"},{"key":"bibr6-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/107662902760190653"},{"key":"bibr7-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.59.977"},{"key":"bibr8-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-37-2-166"},{"key":"bibr9-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-42-3-469"},{"key":"bibr10-104063870401600202","first-page":"2115","volume":"45","author":"Takahashi T","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr11-104063870401600202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.12.4093-4098.1999"},{"key":"bibr12-104063870401600202","first-page":"795","volume":"40","author":"Wood RL","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr13-104063870401600202","first-page":"419","volume-title":"Diseases of swine","author":"Wood RL","year":"1999","edition":"8"},{"key":"bibr14-104063870401600202","first-page":"608","volume":"42","author":"Wood RL","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr15-104063870401600202","first-page":"1833","volume":"39","author":"Wood RL","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/104063870401600202","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/104063870401600202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:09:21Z","timestamp":1777680561000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/104063870401600202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/104063870401600202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104063870401600202","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}}}