{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T18:29:36Z","timestamp":1780597776099,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]],"date-time":"2014-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1418860800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Five horses originating from 4 different California race tracks were submitted to the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory for necropsy and diagnostic workup. The 5 horses had a history of sudden collapse and death during exercise. In all of them, massive hemoperitoneum and hemorrhages in other cavities or organs were observed. The liver from these 5 animals and from 27 horses that had been euthanized due to catastrophic leg injuries (controls) were subjected to a rodenticide anticoagulant screen. Traces of brodifacoum, diphacinone, or bromadiolone were detected in the 5 horses with massive bleeding (5\/5), and no traces of rodenticides were detected in control horses (0\/27). Other frequent causes of massive hemorrhages in horses were ruled out in 4 of the cases; one of the horses had a pelvic fracture. Although only traces of anticoagulants were found in the livers of these horses and the role of these substances in the massive bleeding remains uncertain, it is speculated that exercise-related increases in blood pressure may have reduced the threshold for toxicity of these anticoagulants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638714559970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,19]],"date-time":"2014-12-19T03:09:33Z","timestamp":1418958573000},"page":"112-116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cluster of cases of massive hemorrhage associated with anticoagulant detection in race horses"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Francisco R.","family":"Carvallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Poppenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hailu","family":"Kinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago S.","family":"Diab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinyi C.","family":"Nyaoke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley E.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick M.","family":"Arthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Uzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino branch (Carvallo, Kinde, Nyaoke, Uzal), CA"},{"name":"Davis branch (Poppenga, Diab, Hill), CA"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, Davis, CA (Arthur)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1040638714559970","first-page":"627","volume":"48","author":"Ayala I","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"bibr2-1040638714559970","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Duncan and Prasse\u2019s veterinary laboratory medicine clinical pathology","author":"Bodreaux MK","year":"2011","edition":"5"},{"key":"bibr3-1040638714559970","first-page":"21","volume":"55","author":"Boermans HJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"bibr4-1040638714559970","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer\u2019s pathology of domestic animals, ed. 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