{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:37:23Z","timestamp":1777930643454,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]],"date-time":"2016-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnosis of malignant melanoma can be difficult because these tumors can be amelanotic and may contain diverse variants and divergent differentiations, of which the signet-ring cell subtype is very rare and has only been described in humans, dogs, cats, and a hamster. We describe herein histopathologic and immunohistochemical approaches taken to diagnose a case of signet-ring cell malignant melanoma with myofibroblastic differentiation in a cat. A tumor within the abdominal skin of a 2-year-old cat was composed of signet-ring cells and irregularly interwoven streams of spindle cells. Both neoplastic cell types were periodic-acid\u2013Schiff, Fontana, and Sudan black B negative. Signet-ring cells strongly expressed vimentin and S100 protein. Spindle cells strongly expressed vimentin and smooth muscle actin; some cells expressed S100, moderately neuron-specific enolase, and others variably actin and desmin. A few round cells expressed melan A, and a few plump spindle cells expressed melan A and PNL2, confirming the diagnosis of amelanotic signet-ring cell malignant melanoma with myofibroblastic differentiation in a cat. Differential diagnoses were excluded, including signet-ring cell forms of adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, liposarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, squamous cell carcinomas, basal cell carcinomas, and adnexal tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638716644768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,7]],"date-time":"2016-05-07T03:04:39Z","timestamp":1462590279000},"page":"429-435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cutaneous amelanotic signet-ring cell malignant melanoma with interspersed myofibroblastic differentiation in a young cat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Manuela","family":"Hirz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Veterin\u00e4r-Pathologie, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Giessen, Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christiane","family":"Herden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Veterin\u00e4r-Pathologie, Justus-Liebig-Universit\u00e4t Giessen, Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1991.tb01490.x"},{"key":"bibr2-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31823651cb"},{"key":"bibr3-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2007.02823.x","volume":"52","author":"Banerjee SS","year":"2008","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"bibr4-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2000.00894.x"},{"key":"bibr5-1040638716644768","first-page":"606","volume":"41","author":"Bastian BC","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"bibr6-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00955.x"},{"key":"bibr7-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1999.tb01802.x"},{"key":"bibr8-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2001.0497"},{"key":"bibr9-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1967.01610040022006"},{"key":"bibr10-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/rt.2013.e36"},{"key":"bibr11-1040638716644768","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.dad.0000249888.41884.6c"},{"key":"bibr12-1040638716644768","unstructured":"Goldschmidt MH,  Histological Classification of Tumors of Epithelial and Melanocytic Tumors of the Skin of Domestic Animals (WHO International Histological Classification of Tumors of Domestic Animals). 2nd Series. 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