{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T19:03:10Z","timestamp":1790535790587,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,27]],"date-time":"2016-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474934400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The reported prevalence of naturally occurring anti\u2013dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 7 antibodies in DEA 7\u2013negative dogs is as high as 50%. Characterization of these antibodies may better define their importance in canine transfusion medicine. We determined in vitro activity, specificity, and titer of anti\u2013DEA 7 antibodies in DEA 7\u2013negative dogs. Plasma samples from 317 DEA 7\u2013negative dogs were cross-matched with DEA 7\u2013positive red blood cells (RBCs) using gel column technology. Agglutination occurred with DEA 7\u2013positive RBCs but not with DEA 7\u2013negative RBCs in 73 samples (23%), which were hence classified as containing anti\u2013DEA 7 antibodies. These samples were evaluated for hemolytic and agglutinating activity, strength of agglutination, and antibody specificity and titers. All samples showed agglutination but none showed hemolysis. Gel agglutination was graded as 1+ for 20 samples (27%), 2+ for 49 samples (67%), 3+ for 4 samples (6%); no samples were graded 4+. The agglutination titer was &lt;1:2 for 51 samples (73%), 1:2 for 13 samples (19%), 1:4 for 4 samples (5%), and 1:8 for 2 samples (3%). Of 16 samples treated with 2-mercaptoethanol, 11 samples (69%) contained only IgM, 4 samples (25%) exhibited only IgG activity, and 1 sample (6%) had both IgG and IgM activity. Low titers of warm, weakly agglutinating, mostly naturally occurring IgM anti\u2013DEA 7 antibodies were found in 23% of DEA 7\u2013negative dogs. The presence of naturally occurring anti\u2013DEA 7 antibodies suggests that cross-matching of canine blood recipients is advisable, even at first transfusion, to minimize delayed transfusion reactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638716668626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,16]],"date-time":"2016-09-16T21:39:50Z","timestamp":1474061990000},"page":"705-708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Activity, specificity, and titer of naturally occurring canine anti\u2013DEA 7 antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Spada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Transfusion Unit (REV), Department of Veterinary Medicine (DiMeVet), University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Proverbio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary 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