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In performance horses, particularly racehorses, the carpus is a common site of injury and source of lameness. Given the predisposition of racehorses to developing carpal disease, familiarity with clinically relevant anatomy and common developmental, degenerative, traumatic, and inflammatory processes are imperative for thorough postmortem examination. Our aim is (1) to provide a concise summary of clinically relevant anatomy and function that serves as a guide for postmortem evaluation of the equine carpus, and (2) to review common carpal injuries and diseases in actively training, racing, or retired racehorses, including developmental lesions (incomplete ossification, osteochondromata), infectious and inflammatory lesions (septic arthritis and tenosynovitis), and degenerative and traumatic lesions (degenerative and traumatic osteoarthritis, osteochondral fragmentation, and polyostotic catastrophic \u201cbreakdown\u201d fractures). Representative gross and histologic images are presented along with corresponding antemortem and postmortem diagnostic images, and a review of current scientific literature pertaining to the pathogenesis of these equine carpal lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638717710238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,5]],"date-time":"2017-06-05T05:33:49Z","timestamp":1496640829000},"page":"414-430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A diagnostic pathologist\u2019s guide to carpal disease in racehorses"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Julie B.","family":"Engiles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA (Engiles)"},{"name":"Gail Holmes Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO (Stewart)"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (Janes, Kennedy)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA (Engiles)"},{"name":"Gail Holmes Orthopaedic Research Center, Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO (Stewart)"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (Janes, Kennedy)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Janes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology, New Bolton 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