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As a zoonotic disease, it poses a risk to human health, especially for veterinarians and breeders who handle materials potentially contaminated with Brucella canis. However, canine brucellosis is a neglected and underestimated disease given the difficulties in establishing a definitive diagnosis. We evaluated the frequency of detection of B. canis in 5 breeding kennels by using various serologic methods and PCR. Circulation of B. canis in these kennels was confirmed by bacterial isolation. The frequency of positive serologic results varied from 6.3% by AGID to 16.5% by dot-ELISA. There was no positive serology for smooth Brucella. PCR testing was positive in 13.9% of samples. The only detection tests with reasonable agreement were PCR and 2ME-MAT. The diagnosis of canine brucellosis remains challenging. The use of a single laboratory method, or even the use of different laboratory methods, may not be sufficient to reach a definitive diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719891083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]],"date-time":"2019-11-22T01:32:32Z","timestamp":1574386352000},"page":"77-86","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Diagnosis of canine brucellosis: comparison of various serologic tests and PCR"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Juliana P. S.","family":"Mol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamentos de Cl\u00ednica e Cirurgia Veterin\u00e1rias, Escola de Veterin\u00e1ria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andressa C. 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