{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T05:27:17Z","timestamp":1780637237006,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642377600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Marijuana toxicosis is typically seen by companion animal veterinarians. However, with increased marijuana availability, there is a greater potential for toxicosis in other species. Herein we describe a case of suspected marijuana toxicosis in a female and a male American Mammoth donkey, aged 8\u2009y and 20\u2009y, respectively, fed cannabis buds. Both cases were presented because of depression and lethargy. However, the jenny had ataxia, mild colic, tachycardia, tachypnea, and decreased tongue tone. Plasma samples from the jenny on presentation and 3\u2009d following hospitalization were submitted to the Kansas State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to be screened for cannabinoids using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS\/MS). A single serum sample from the jack was taken on presentation and submitted to the Animal Health Diagnostic Center at Cornell University for \u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol analysis using HPLC-MS\/MS. THC was detected in all samples. Clinical signs were noted 24\u201336\u2009h after ingestion, which included mild-to-moderate neurologic deficits, mild colic, tachycardia, tachypnea, and decreased tongue tone. Both donkeys recovered uneventfully within 24\u2009h of peak effects. Utilizing a cannabinoid screening assay in collaboration with a veterinary diagnostic laboratory may be useful when an equine practitioner suspects marijuana toxicosis in a patient.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387211064269","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]],"date-time":"2022-01-17T05:24:20Z","timestamp":1642397060000},"page":"539-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Marijuana toxicosis in 2 donkeys"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2899-3564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alyson H.","family":"Fitzgerald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Magnin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Pace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karyn","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toby","family":"Pinn-Woodcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron","family":"Vin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myhre Equine Clinic, Rochester, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Myhre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Myhre Equine Clinic, Rochester, NH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Comstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maple Hill Veterinary Service, Danville, VT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Ensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johann F.","family":"Coetzee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.178.2.101"},{"key":"bibr2-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2018.07.008"},{"key":"bibr3-10406387211064269","first-page":"971","volume":"127","author":"Cardassis J.","year":"1951","journal-title":"Rec Med Vet Ec Alfort"},{"key":"bibr4-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.570616"},{"key":"bibr5-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.57.011205.135648"},{"key":"bibr6-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.tcam.2013.03.004"},{"key":"bibr7-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/JVMAH2014.0353"},{"key":"bibr8-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-016-1368-6"},{"key":"bibr9-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2017.02.007"},{"key":"bibr10-10406387211064269","first-page":"19","volume":"46","author":"Janczyk P","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Hum Toxicol"},{"key":"bibr11-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69768-4"},{"key":"bibr12-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13710"},{"key":"bibr13-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/242516"},{"key":"bibr14-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-4431.2012.00818.x"},{"key":"bibr15-10406387211064269","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2019.102880"},{"key":"bibr16-10406387211064269","first-page":"264","volume-title":"Blackwell\u2019s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion: Small Animal Toxicology","volume":"2016","author":"Sioris K","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr17-10406387211064269","unstructured":"U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 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