{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:10:12Z","timestamp":1787019012456,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Increased doublecortin (DCX) immunolabeling at the tumor margins has been associated with tumor infiltration in human glioma and canine anaplastic meningioma. No association between DCX immunolabeling and glioma infiltration has been reported in dogs, to our knowledge. Here we compare the DCX immunolabeling in 14 diffusely infiltrating gliomas (gliomatosis cerebri) and 14 nodular gliomas with distinct degrees of tumor infiltration. Cytoplasmic DCX immunolabeling was classified according to intensity (weak, moderate, strong), distribution (1\u2009=\u2009&lt;30% immunolabeling, 2\u2009=\u200930\u201370% immunolabeling, 3\u2009=\u2009&gt;70% immunolabeling), and location within the neoplasm (random or at tumor margins). Immunolabeling was detected in 6 of 14 (43%) diffusely infiltrating gliomas and 8 of 14 (57%) nodular gliomas. Diffusely infiltrating gliomas had moderate and random immunolabeling, with distribution scores of 1 (4 cases) or 2 (2 cases). Nodular gliomas had strong (6 cases) or moderate (2 cases) immunolabeling, with distribution scores of 1 (3 cases), 2 (3 cases), and 3 (2 cases), and random (6 cases) and\/or marginal (3 cases) immunolabeling. Increased DCX immunolabeling within neoplastic cells palisading around necrosis occurred in 4 nodular gliomas. DCX immunolabeling was not increased at the margins of diffusely infiltrating gliomas, indicating that DCX should not be used as an immunomarker for glioma infiltration in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387221145321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:56:16Z","timestamp":1671152176000},"page":"187-192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Doublecortin immunolabeling in canine gliomas with distinct degrees of tumor infiltration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Vicente A. A.","family":"Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taryn A.","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic Pathology, Schwarzman Animal Medical Center, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4258-3219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian F.","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad B.","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4574-2836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel R.","family":"Rissi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-005-1070-0"},{"key":"bibr2-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387221104748"},{"key":"bibr3-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2015.10.039"},{"key":"bibr4-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.24365"},{"key":"bibr5-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810363486"},{"key":"bibr6-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985810389312"},{"key":"bibr7-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985813509387"},{"key":"bibr8-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985818777794"},{"key":"bibr9-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly085"},{"key":"bibr10-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10014-007-0225-1"},{"key":"bibr11-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2006.02359.x"},{"key":"bibr12-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300985820980704"},{"key":"bibr13-10406387221145321","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-013-0273-2"},{"key":"bibr14-10406387221145321","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Central Nervous System Tumours. WHO Classification of Tumours. 5th ed. Vol. 6. 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