{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T19:29:12Z","timestamp":1783798152733,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Bacteria in the\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria may affect a variety of animal species under human care and pose public health risks as zoonotic pathogens. A case of sudden onset of lethargy and increased respiratory effort in a 5-y-old, intact female reindeer (\n                    <jats:italic>Rangifer tarandus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) under managed care had progressed to severe dyspnea despite aggressive treatment. The animal was euthanized due to poor prognosis. Postmortem findings included: disseminated miliary nodules in the lungs, pleura, small intestine, liver, and spleen; enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes; dilated mesenteric and serosal lymphatic vessels; and renal infarcts. Histologically, granulomatous lymphadenitis and lymphangitis with intrahistiocytic acid-fast bacilli were observed.\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. DNA was detected in lung via real-time PCR. Mycobacterial culture and sequencing identified\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic>\n                    subsp.\n                    <jats:italic>hominissuis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MAH) within pulmonary lesions. Infection with MAH has been reported in humans and many animal species; this nontuberculous mycobacterial infection may be an emerging concern in animals under managed care. To our knowledge, MAH infection has not been reported previously in reindeer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387241307644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T11:19:33Z","timestamp":1738149573000},"page":"324-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Disseminated nontuberculous mycobacteriosis due to\n                    <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i>\n                    subsp.\n                    <i>hominissuis<\/i>\n                    infection in a reindeer from a zoo"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4262-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Winter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brookfield Zoo Chicago, Brookfield, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer N.","family":"Langan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brookfield Zoo Chicago, Brookfield, IL, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9910-0356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Landolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zoological Pathology Program, University of Illinois, Brookfield, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6779-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler","family":"Thacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mycobacteria and Brucella Section, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL), USDA, Ames, IA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie W.","family":"Delk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brookfield Zoo Chicago, Brookfield, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","first-page":"288","article-title":"Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infection in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and a greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. hominissuis and Mycobacterium nebraskense and the reaction to ante- and postmortem tests","author":"Christian W","year":"2018","unstructured":"Christian W, et al. Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung infection in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and a greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) caused by Mycobacterium avium ssp. hominissuis and Mycobacterium nebraskense and the reaction to ante- and postmortem tests. Proc Eur Assoc Zoo Wildl Vet 2018:288\u2013290.","journal-title":"Proc Eur Assoc Zoo Wildl Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2012.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani14040566"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2012.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2607.200187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-42.4.724"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1406.071463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"247","article-title":"A review of interstitial pneumonia in cattle","volume":"31","author":"Kerr LA","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kerr LA, Linnabary RD. A review of interstitial pneumonia in cattle. Vet Hum Toxicol 1989;31:247\u2013254.","journal-title":"Vet Hum Toxicol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2403.171692"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1608.100097"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/lam.12243"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.13786"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1638\/2010-0170.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.187.18.6386-6395.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"Infection sources of a common non-tuberculous mycobacterial pathogen, Mycobacterium avium complex","volume":"4","author":"Nishiuchi Y","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishiuchi Y, et al. Infection sources of a common non-tuberculous mycobacterial pathogen, Mycobacterium avium complex. Front Med (Lausanne) 2017;4:27.","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870601800107"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/145158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2018.00032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1504.081003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"277","article-title":"Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)","author":"Simmons HA","year":"2005","unstructured":"Simmons HA, et al. Disseminated Mycobacterium kansasii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Proc Eur Assoc Zoo Wildl Vet 2005:277\u2013280.","journal-title":"Proc Eur Assoc Zoo Wildl Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2022. 2022 Oct 27. License CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-tuberculosis-programme\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2022"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6452a2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387241307644","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10406387241307644","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387241307644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:28:01Z","timestamp":1777681681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10406387241307644"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10406387241307644"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387241307644","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]}}}