{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T04:22:07Z","timestamp":1784866927463,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]],"date-time":"2025-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747008000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo para la Convergencia Estructural del Mercosur","award":["COF 03\/11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COF 03\/11"]}]},{"name":"INIA","award":["PL_27"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PL_27"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an emerging human and animal pathogen. Here we describe 2 unrelated outbreaks of acute fatal leptospirosis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>L. kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    in suckling lambs and calves diagnosed following a flooding event in the spring of 2023 in northern Uruguay. In outbreak 1, the sheep flock was raised in a low-lying area previously used for rice cultivation; 20 lambs died after developing apathy, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria. In outbreak 2, 2 calves were found dead. At autopsy, 4 lambs and 2 calves had marked jaundice, hemoglobinuria, dark-red kidneys, and hepatomegaly. Microscopically, we found marked hemoglobinuric nephrosis, lymphohistiocytic tubulointerstitial nephritis, hepatocellular dissociation, and random hepatocellular necrosis with periportal lymphohistiocytic hepatitis and canalicular cholestasis. Positive immunostaining for\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. was found in the liver (lamb C), both the liver and kidney (calf B), and the liver (calf A).\n                    <jats:italic>Leptospira kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    was PCR-confirmed using kidney and liver samples from the autopsied animals. Acute leptospirosis caused by\n                    <jats:italic>L. kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    has not been reported previously in sheep and cattle, to our knowledge. Our findings highlight that\n                    <jats:italic>L. kirschneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection can cause acute leptospirosis in unvaccinated lambs and calves.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387251341234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T02:50:15Z","timestamp":1750819815000},"page":"679-683","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Acute fatal\n                    <i>Leptospira kirschneri<\/i>\n                    infection in suckling lambs and calves in Uruguay"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2029-884X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mizael","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, Tacuaremb\u00f3, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2299-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila","family":"Ciuffo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8799-6848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Giannitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline da Silva","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1113-5432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yisell","family":"Perdomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9086-3867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cintia R. R.","family":"Queiroz-Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Tacuaremb\u00f3, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1189-2369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Carriquiry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de la Rep\u00fablica, Rivera, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7170-6102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"Zarantonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad Mixta Pasteur + INIA, Institut Pasteur, Montevideo, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejo","family":"Menchaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, Tacuaremb\u00f3, Uruguay"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0703"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"42","volume-title":"Rev Argent Microbiol","author":"Draghi MG","year":"2011","unstructured":"Draghi MG, et al. Brote de leptospirosis en terneros en recr\u00eda en la provincia de Corrientes, Argentina [Leptospirosis outbreak in calves from Corrientes Province, Argentina]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2011;43:42\u201344. 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