{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:42:23Z","timestamp":1777930943268,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758758400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Six 11-wk-old, commercial, Broad-Breasted White, meat turkeys were submitted to the Turlock branch of the California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety (CAHFS) laboratory for autopsy and diagnostic work-up. Clinical signs in the turkeys of the affected flock included depression, ruffled feathers, swollen periorbital areas, rales, and sneezing. A mortality of 50% (5,000 of 10,000) was reported at the time of case submission. Flock morbidity was 100% by 12\u2009wk of age, and mortality eventually exceeded 90%. Fibrinous pleuropneumonia, airsacculitis, increased luminal mucoid exudate in the nasal cavities and tracheas, mottled and enlarged spleens, and hepatomegaly were the most remarkable gross findings. Microscopically, fibrinoheterophilic pneumonia and epicarditis with intralesional bacterial colonies, and necrotizing hepatitis and splenitis, were noted.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasmoides<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gallisepticum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (MG) was detected in tracheal and sinus pools by quantitative real-time PCR. Multilocus sequence analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">mgc2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene and IGSR segment of MG differentiated our strain from MG vaccine strains, but were similar to MG isolates detected previously in other commercial turkey operations in California.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pasteurella multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    was isolated from air sacs, lungs, tracheas, hearts, and livers, and classified as profile H\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ha<\/jats:italic>\n                    I 0001, strain X-73, by restriction enzyme analysis DNA fingerprinting. Coinfection with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. multocida<\/jats:italic>\n                    and MG in a susceptible flock resulted in rapid elevation of mortality and significant economic losses in this commercial meat turkey operation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387251378687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T16:16:42Z","timestamp":1758817002000},"page":"135-139","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High mortality in a commercial turkey flock associated with coinfection by\n                    <i>Pasteurella multocida<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Mycoplasmoides<\/i>\n                    (\n                    <i>Mycoplasma<\/i>\n                    )\n                    <i>gallisepticum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7136-1829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Daniel","family":"Gornatti-Churria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Jerry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shayne","family":"Ramsubeik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0681-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Uzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"San Bernardino branches, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Santoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0683-6637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone T.","family":"Stoute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health &amp; Food Safety Laboratory System, Turlock, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2212Davis, Davis, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12091131"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"911","volume-title":"Diseases of Poultry","author":"Armour NK","unstructured":"Armour NK. Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection. In: Swayne DE, et al., eds. Diseases of Poultry. 14th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2020:911\u2013923.","edition":"14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","first-page":"831","volume-title":"Diseases of Poultry","author":"Blackall PJ","unstructured":"Blackall PJ, Hofacre CL. Fowl cholera. In: Swayne DE, et al., eds. Diseases of Poultry. 14th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2020:831\u2013846.","edition":"14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/11919-070218-Reg.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.66.7.3436-3442.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"725","volume-title":"Vet Glas","author":"Jak\u0161i\u0107 BL","year":"1964","unstructured":"Jak\u0161i\u0107 BL, et al. O koleri divljih ptica [On the cholera of wild birds]. Vet Glas 1964;18:725\u2013730. Serbian."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ps\/77.8.1146"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086(2007)51[555:TMGSRI]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1637\/11314-110615-Case.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","first-page":"210","volume-title":"Diseases of Poultry","author":"Swayne DE","unstructured":"Swayne DE, et al. Influenza. In: Swayne DE, et al., eds. Diseases of Poultry. 14th ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2020:210\u2013256.","edition":"14"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.6.1518-1524.1992"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251378687","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10406387251378687","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251378687","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:29:15Z","timestamp":1777681755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10406387251378687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10406387251378687"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387251378687","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]}}}