{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:42:32Z","timestamp":1777930952526,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769644800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Agricultural Technology","award":["2019-RIST-E5-I111-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-RIST-E5-I111-001"]}]},{"name":"INTA-Proyecto estructural. Aporte a la sostenibilidad de los sistemas ganaderos del NEA","award":["2023-PE-L01-I050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-PE-L01-I050"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Bovine botulism is a lethal disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Clostridium botulinum<\/jats:italic>\n                    neurotoxins (BoNT). In cattle, the most frequent form of this disease in several South American countries and elsewhere is caused by BoNT type D, which has been associated with phosphorus deficiency, leading to pica and osteophagy. An outbreak of botulism occurred in a fully vaccinated 600-steer herd of cattle. The cattle were grazing on native pasture in a paddock in which several decomposing animal carcasses were found; the animals had performed osteophagy. The first 2 deaths were recorded in November 2016, and the number of fatalities increased to 84 through April of 2017. All the cases had similar clinical signs, which were consistent with botulism. The affected animals had hypophosphatemia and rear-leg weakness, ataxia, progressive flaccid paralysis of several muscles, recumbency, and death. Autopsies were performed on 3 animals; gross findings included hydropericardium, congestion of the cerebellum, and bone fragments and stones in the rumen and reticulum. Botulism was confirmed in the 3 animals by detecting BoNT type D by mouse bioassay. A large outbreak of botulism in vaccinated cattle associated with phosphorus deficiency and osteophagy has not been reported previously in Argentina, to our knowledge. Our case demonstrates that, even in vaccinated herds, rigorous carcass management is essential to reduce the risk of environmental contamination and to prevent fatal botulism outbreaks, especially in phosphorus-deficient areas. Improved reporting of similar cases is vital to refine prevention strategies and reduce the economic impact of the disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387251412625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T06:39:06Z","timestamp":1769755146000},"page":"532-536","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A large outbreak in Argentina of type D botulism in vaccinated cattle associated with phosphorus deficiency and osteophagy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5631-3557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio G.","family":"Caspe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Della-Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Goya Extension Agency INTA, Goya, Corrientes, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-5800-476X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan M.","family":"Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercedes Agricultural Experimental Station INTA, Mercedes, Corrientes, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0681-1878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco A.","family":"Uzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, San Bernardino Branch, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California\u2013Davis, San Bernardino, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05352.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"Perfil mineral en los pastizales de Andropogon lateralis y Sorghastrum setosum (gramineae) en Corrientes, Argentina","volume":"49","author":"Bernardis AC","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bernardis AC, et al Perfil mineral en los pastizales de Andropogon lateralis y Sorghastrum setosum (gramineae) en Corrientes, Argentina [Mineral profile of Andropogon lateralis and Sorghastrum setosum (gramineae) pastures in Corrientes, Argentina]. Rev Fac Cienc Agrar 2017;49:203\u2013217. Spanish.","journal-title":"Rev Fac Cienc Agrar"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v83i1.508"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Recent studies of bone appetite in cattle","volume":"583","author":"Blair-West JR","year":"1989","unstructured":"Blair-West JR, et al Recent studies of bone appetite in cattle. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl 1989;583:53\u201358.","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02240939"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiologia, sinais cl\u00ednicos, achados laboratoriais e patol\u00f3gicos em oito surtos de botulismo em bovinos no Rio Grande do Norte","volume":"42","author":"C\u00e2mara ACL","year":"2014","unstructured":"C\u00e2mara ACL, et al Epidemiologia, sinais cl\u00ednicos, achados laboratoriais e patol\u00f3gicos em oito surtos de botulismo em bovinos no Rio Grande do Norte [Epidemiology, clinical signs, laboratory and pathology findings in eight outbreaks of botulism in Rio Grande do Norte]. Acta Sci Vet 2014;42:1\u20138. Portuguese.","journal-title":"Acta Sci Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v76i1.54"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"47","article-title":"Clostridium botulinum tipos D y A en materiales de necropsia de bovinos afectados por el mal de Aguapey","volume":"21","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez R","year":"1989","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez R, et al Clostridium botulinum tipos D y A en materiales de necropsia de bovinos afectados por el mal de Aguapey [Type D and A Clostridium botulinum in necropsy samples from cattle with \u201cmal de Aguapey\u201d]. Rev Argent Microbiol 1989;21:47\u201353. Spanish.","journal-title":"Rev Argent Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases10010017"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-9542-4_46"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2013.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","unstructured":"Lane J et al Priority list of endemic diseases for the red meat industries. Final Report. Meat & Livestock Australia 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118728291.ch26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9121025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30972\/vet.2411150"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42004-024-01262-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1099184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Botulism in cattle associated with osteophagy in the State of Acre, Brazil","volume":"47","author":"Nobre CM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nobre CM, et al Botulism in cattle associated with osteophagy in the State of Acre, Brazil. Acta Sci Vet 2019;47:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Acta Sci Vet"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1994.1181"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9010038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani13152435"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.012658"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2023.106013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-0481-60-8-481"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0103-8478cr20151486"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-5150-pvb-5643"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-018-1729-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.130.18.398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anaerobe.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","unstructured":"Vanzini V Ramirez LM. Babesiosis y anaplasmosis bovina: diagn\u00f3stico epidemiolog\u00eda y control [Bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis: diagnosis epidemiology and control]. Rev Invest Agropec 1994;25:137\u2013190. Spanish."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). WHO expert consultation on rabies: third report. Vol. 1012. WHO 2018:21\u201336.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.06.061"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.01207"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251412625","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10406387251412625","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251412625","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:29:40Z","timestamp":1777681780000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10406387251412625"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10406387251412625"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387251412625","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]}}}