{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:42:35Z","timestamp":1777930955917,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"\n Monocytes are key cells of the immune system; various cell subsets have distinct phenotypic characteristics and functions. We characterized canine monocyte subsets in different hematologic disorders by analyzing peripheral blood cells for their expression of CD14 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII). Flow cytometry data of canine blood samples were evaluated retrospectively. We assigned 132 total cases to one of the following categories: healthy, inflammatory, T-zone lymphoma\/leukemia (TZL), T-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B-cell CLL, T-cell stage V lymphoma (SVL), B-cell SVL, acute lymphoblastic or undifferentiated leukemia (ALL\/AUL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We analyzed age, sex, breed, light scatter properties, WBC count, CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n cells, CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n cells, CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n cells, and the CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n \/CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n ratio. All groups were compared with the healthy group. In healthy dogs, CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n cells were larger and had a more complex internal structure than CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n cells. Absolute numbers of CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n cells were significantly increased in all groups except the TZL and B-cell SVL groups. Absolute numbers of CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n cells were significantly increased in the T-cell CLL, B-cell CLL, and T-cell SVL groups, mildly increased in the inflammatory and TZL groups, and decreased in the ALL\/AUL group. The CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n \/CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n ratio was markedly decreased in both acute leukemia groups, being <1 in all cases and usually close to 0. We found significant changes in canine monocyte subsets in different hematologic conditions. To our knowledge, a decreased CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n \/CD14\n pos<\/jats:sup>\n MHCII\n neg<\/jats:sup>\n ratio has not been identified previously as a hallmark of acute leukemia in dogs.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387251415418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T06:26:58Z","timestamp":1769495218000},"page":"391-398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Major histocompatibility complex class II expression on CD14\n pos<\/sup>\n cells in canine peripheral blood across various hematologic disorders\u2014a preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4349-8668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Caro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d\u2019Hematologia Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e0ria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterin\u00e0ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0136-8264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Agulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d\u2019Hematologia Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e0ria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterin\u00e0ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2627-9831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d\u2019Hematologia Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e0ria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterin\u00e0ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1702-9531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josep","family":"Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servei d\u2019Hematologia Cl\u00ednica Veterin\u00e0ria, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterin\u00e0ria, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119500537.ch69"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0176460"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1808777"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01070"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119500537.ch72"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.1.311"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/2767-9764.CRC-22-0336"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2017.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres\/2010012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.841859"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","article-title":"The MHC class II antigen presentation pathway in human monocytes differs by subset and is regulated by cytokines","volume":"12","author":"Lee J","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee J, et al The MHC class II antigen presentation pathway in human monocytes differs by subset and is regulated by cytokines. PLoS One 2017;12:e0183594.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"1086","article-title":"Major histocompatibility complex class I and class II antigen expression in diffuse large cell and large cell immunoblastic lymphomas. Absence of a correlation between antigen expression and clinical outcome","volume":"143","author":"Medeiros LJ","year":"1993","unstructured":"Medeiros LJ, et al Major histocompatibility complex class I and class II antigen expression in diffuse large cell and large cell immunoblastic lymphomas. Absence of a correlation between antigen expression and clinical outcome. Am J Pathol 1993;143:1086\u20131097.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01147"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JLB.4RI0818-311R"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0279057"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219214"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12162135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12343"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119500537.ch68"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.13983"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119500537.ch63"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","first-page":"165","article-title":"Characterization of canine monocyte-derived dendritic cells with phenotypic and functional differentiation","volume":"71","author":"Wang Y-S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wang Y-S, et al Characterization of canine monocyte-derived dendritic cells with phenotypic and functional differentiation. Can J Vet Res 2007;71:165\u2013174.","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01642"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01480-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00423"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251415418","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10406387251415418","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387251415418","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:29:46Z","timestamp":1777681786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10406387251415418"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10406387251415418"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387251415418","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]}}}