{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:42:39Z","timestamp":1777930959791,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"MSU-CVM","award":["House Officer Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["House Officer Grant"]}]},{"name":"USDA ARS NACA","award":["#58-0200-0-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#58-0200-0-002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Tritrichomonas foetus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection can cause reproductive losses and subsequent economic losses in cow-calf herds. Our objective was to determine if 0.9% sterile saline (saline) was noninferior to PBS as a transport medium for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. foetus<\/jats:italic>\n                    reverse-transcription real-time PCR (RT-rtPCR) testing. Transport tubes were prepared with either 1.6\u2009mL of PBS with preputial washing (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 30) or 1.6\u2009mL of saline with preputial washing (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 30) and inoculated at 3 different concentrations of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. foetus<\/jats:italic>\n                    organisms (high = 100 org\/100\u2009\u00b5L; moderate = 10 org\/100\u2009\u00b5L; low = 1 org\/100\u2009\u00b5L) for a total volume of 1.7\u2009mL\/tube. Samples were submitted to a diagnostic laboratory for RT-rtPCR analysis. The effect of concentration and medium on mean Ct values was tested using linear regression. Normalized means were used to conduct a noninferiority\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">t<\/jats:italic>\n                    -test, with a noninferiority margin of 1 Ct. For all analyses, \u03b1 = 0.05. Mean Ct values (high = 18.5; moderate = 22.7; low = 30.4) differed by concentration (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001), whereas medium (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.67) and the interaction of medium and concentration (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.87) were not significant. The normalized mean Ct for PBS was 22.6 (min = 16.2; max = 27.0), and for saline was 22.8 (min = 20.9; max = 26.4). The normalized mean Ct of saline was noninferior to PBS (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.037). The use of saline as a transport medium for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. foetus<\/jats:italic>\n                    RT-rtPCR should not affect Ct results.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387261418210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T10:48:42Z","timestamp":1770461322000},"page":"496-499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Noninferiority of cycle threshold values from 0.9% sterile saline compared with PBS as a collection medium for\n                    <i>Tritrichomonas foetus<\/i>\n                    RT-rtPCR testing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5375-9597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tyler M.","family":"Jumper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8764-1688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merrilee","family":"Thoresen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Heath","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2540-4940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duan S.","family":"Loy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostics Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7282-096X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Dustin","family":"Loy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostics Center, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska\u2013Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8547-7486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"Anonymous. Seeking Harmonization of Trichomoniasis Regulatory and Testing Standards [White paper]. National Institute for Animal Agriculture and U.S. Animal Health Association Joint Forum on Trichomoniasis Standards 2014. https:\/\/www.usaha.org\/upload\/Publication\/Top%20Specific\/NIAA_USAHA_Joint_Forum_on_Tricho.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2023.11.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711417143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojas.2019.91010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2013.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638718767943"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1986.189.07.772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.01.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v73i2.558"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"63","article-title":"RNA quality matters","volume":"17","author":"Kubista M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kubista M, et al RNA quality matters. Eur Pharm Rev 2012;17:63\u201367.","journal-title":"Eur Pharm Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2023.1101502"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.692199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2016.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.194.06.771"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.134.24.620"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"18","article-title":"Bovine trichomoniasis: better diagnostics and control could save beef industry $650 million annually","volume":"46","author":"Speer CA","year":"1991","unstructured":"Speer CA, White MW. Bovine trichomoniasis: better diagnostics and control could save beef industry $650 million annually. Large Anim Vet Cover Health Nutr 1991;46:18\u201320.","journal-title":"Large Anim Vet Cover Health Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119602484.ch58"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.047365-0"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387261418210","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/10406387261418210","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/10406387261418210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:29:51Z","timestamp":1777681791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10406387261418210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/10406387261418210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387261418210","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-6387","1943-4936"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-6387","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-4936","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]}}}