{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T15:04:25Z","timestamp":1789398265461,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichinella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are parasitic nematodes with a worldwide distribution that infect mammals, birds, and reptiles.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichinella<\/jats:italic>\n                    is composed of at least 13 taxa; the latest taxon, T13, was identified in wolverines in northwestern Canada in 2020.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichinella<\/jats:italic>\n                    is of public health importance because trichinellosis (trichinosis) is a zoonosis transmitted by eating undercooked meat from wild or domestic animals. In Canada, wild game species are the main source of infection; outbreaks in people originate almost exclusively from consumption of bear and walrus meat. Black bears (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ursus americanus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), with a population of ~70,000 individuals, are widespread in Quebec; they are a commonly hunted species and a potential source of infection. To estimate the incidence of this parasite in the black bear population, we collected 250 tongue samples from 14 different Quebec regions. A single sample from a female black bear from the C\u00f4te-Nord region was positive, resulting in an estimated prevalence of 0.4% (95% CI [0.01, 2.21]). The larval content of &gt;5 larvae\/g in this sample was 5 times the minimal infectious dose for humans. Hence, although the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichinella<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in our survey of black bears in Quebec was relatively low, clinical manifestation in humans is likely to occur when eating meat from such an infected animal, underscoring the need to follow the recommended cooking practices before consuming bear meat.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387261422686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T12:29:20Z","timestamp":1775737760000},"page":"856-862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Occurrence of\n                    <i>Trichinella<\/i>\n                    spp. infestations in black bears in Quebec, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4257-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon","family":"Kr\u00fcckemeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases, Helmholtz Institute for One Health, Greifswald, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4834-4956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Fernandez-Prada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale, Centre de diagnostic v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, D\u00e9partement de pathologie et microbiologie, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, St-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0244-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Odile","family":"Benoit-Biancamano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses en production animale, Centre de diagnostic v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, D\u00e9partement de pathologie et microbiologie, Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, St-Hyacinthe, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","article-title":"Outbreak of trichinellosis due to consumption of bear meat from Canada, France, September 2005","volume":"10","author":"Ancelle T","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ancelle T, et al. Outbreak of trichinellosis due to consumption of bear meat from Canada, France, September 2005. Euro Surveill 2005;10:E051013.3.","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03404292"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-16.3.423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.17.3.1134"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","unstructured":"C\u00f4t\u00e9 N. Trichinella sp. chez l\u2019ours noir (Ursus americanus) au sud du 50e parall\u00e8le au Qu\u00e9bec Canada [Trichinella sp. in black bears (Ursus americanus) south of the 50th parallel in Quebec Canada]. Master Thesis. D\u00e9partement de pathologie et microbiologie Facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al 2006. French. https:\/\/papyrus.bib.umontreal.ca\/xmlui\/bitstream\/handle\/1866\/18021\/Cote_Nathalie_2006_memoire.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tbed.14554"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cix165"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12674"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wem.2019.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2016.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","unstructured":"Dupouy-Camet J Bruschi F. Management and diagnosis of human trichinellosis. In: Dupouy-Camet J Murrell KD eds. FAO\/WHO\/OIE Guidelines for the Surveillance Management Prevention and Control of Trichinellosis. Vol. 1. 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