{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T10:44:58Z","timestamp":1791801898541,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV; family\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Togaviridae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , taxon species\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Alphavirus eastern<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that is endemic to the Western Hemisphere and well established in freshwater hardwood swamps. EEEV is environmentally maintained through a mosquito-and-avian cycle, primarily by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Culiseta melanura<\/jats:italic>\n                    mosquitoes. Transmission to mammals, which are considered dead-end hosts, is well known and seasonal through\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. melanura<\/jats:italic>\n                    or other bridging mosquito vectors. EEE is well described in horses and humans, with relatively few reports in ruminants. Information regarding infection and disease localization, and particularly disease in the caprine species, is even more sparse. Here, we describe a case of naturally occurring EEEV infection and disease in a 4.5-y-old American pygmy goat wether with neurologic abnormalities, confirmed postmortem by reverse-transcription real-time PCR testing and indirect immunohistochemistry. The histologic alterations were confined to the CNS and were moderate-to-marked, multifocal, lymphocytic polioencephalomyelitis and meningitis, with satellitosis, neuronal necrosis, neuronophagia, and glial nodules.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387261445866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T06:27:15Z","timestamp":1779258435000},"page":"1251-1254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eastern equine encephalitis virus infection in an American pygmy goat"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0847-3630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Holl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences and the Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro A.","family":"Avila Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare M.","family":"Scully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3864-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariano","family":"Carossino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences and the Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Del Piero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiological Sciences and the Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00674-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"639","article-title":"A retrospective study of spinal cord lesions in goats submitted to three veterinary diagnostic laboratories","volume":"53","author":"Allen AL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Allen AL, et al. A retrospective study of spinal cord lesions in goats submitted to three veterinary diagnostic laboratories. 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