{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T21:43:12Z","timestamp":1777930992125,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]],"date-time":"1990-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":646790400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J VET Diagn Invest"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In September 1988, 100 of 300 yearling dairy heifers developed blindness, tachypnea, foaming at the mouth, chewing, and facial fasciculations. Twenty-five animals died. Lead toxicosis was diagnosed based on the clinical signs and the presence of excessive concentrations of lead in whole blood, liver, kidney, and rumen contents of affected animals. The source of the lead was Sudan grass silage that had been contaminated by soil that contained up to 77,000 mg\/kg of lead. Lead concentrations were determined approximately 7 months after the acute episode of lead toxicosis. Whole blood and milk samples were obtained from heifers and a group of control cows 2 weeks prior to (blood only), at the time of, and 2 and 4 weeks after freshening. No lead was found in any of the milk samples (detection limit = 0.055 mg\/liter). Animals that had been severely affected by lead toxicosis experienced a transient increase in whole blood lead concentrations at freshening that was not high enough to be considered toxic. No similar increases in blood lead were observed for control cows or heifers that had experienced milder toxicosis. These findings suggest that at parturition lead is mobilized into the blood of cattle previously exposed to excessive lead.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879000200313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,12]],"date-time":"2011-05-12T16:10:00Z","timestamp":1305216600000},"page":"222-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Lead Concentrations in Blood and Milk from Periparturient Dairy Heifers Seven Months after an Episode of Acute Lead Toxicosis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Francis D.","family":"Galey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barrett D.","family":"Slenning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perlina C.","family":"Breneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. Sue","family":"Littlefield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry A.","family":"Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Tracy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System-Toxicology Laboratory, University of California, Davis, CA 95616"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-104063879000200313","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Current veterinary therapy, food animal practice","author":"Allen WM","year":"1986","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr2-104063879000200313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0720(15)31185-3"},{"key":"bibr3-104063879000200313","first-page":"1149","volume-title":"Veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics","author":"Booth NH","year":"1988","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr4-104063879000200313","unstructured":"Cochran WG, Cox GM: 1957, Experimental designs, 2nd ed., pp. 293\u2013316. 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Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA."},{"key":"bibr10-104063879000200313","volume":"73","author":"Lippsmeyer BC","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Assoc Off Anal Chem"},{"key":"bibr11-104063879000200313","unstructured":"Osweiler GD, Carson TL, Buck WB, Van Gelder GA: 1985, Clinical and diagnostic veterinary toxicology, 3rd ed., pp. 107\u2013120, 167\u2013170, 455\u2013459. Kendall\/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, IA."},{"key":"bibr12-104063879000200313","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3973309"},{"key":"bibr13-104063879000200313","unstructured":"Wilkinson L: 1986, Systat: The system for statistics, pp. MGLH1\u2013MGLH124. 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