{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T12:24:13Z","timestamp":1777638253371,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671494400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Early treatment of behavioral problems can prevent their progression into intractable disorders. This study examined the impact of a multiple family group (MFG) intervention for children with behavior symptoms and their families. Fifty-four (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 54) caregiver\/child dyads with sub-clinical levels of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) participated in a 16-week MFG. Child, caregiver, and family outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and at 6 months follow-up. Significant decreases in impairment with parents, family members, and peers, and improvements in child self-esteem were found from baseline to follow-up. Caregiver stress increased; no significant changes in depression or perceived social support were found over time. The effectiveness of MFG as a preventive approach and areas of future research are discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10443894221133419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,21]],"date-time":"2022-12-21T02:00:46Z","timestamp":1671588046000},"page":"154-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An Examination of the 4 Rs 2 Ss for Problem Behaviors: A Preventive Approach"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Mary","family":"Acri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD, research associate professor, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idan","family":"Falek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSSW, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Hamovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSW, MPH, PhD student, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geetha","family":"Gopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LCSW, PhD, interim associate dean for academic and faculty affairs, Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Bornheimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD, assistant professor, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"McKay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PhD, vice provost of interdisciplinary initiatives, Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","volume-title":"Parenting stress index, third edition: Professional manual","author":"Abidin R. 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