{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T12:20:22Z","timestamp":1783167622776,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010428","name":"Innovation and Technology Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MHP\/013\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MHP\/013\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001839","name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRF11210822"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRF11210822"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001839","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001839","name":"Hong Kong Research Grants Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRF16214025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRF16214025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001839","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures"],"abstract":"\n WEEE and RoHS regulations impose strict restrictions on lead content in electronics, whereas many accelerometers used in automotive, aerospace, and consumer electronics currently rely on lead-based piezoceramics. To address this challenge, we design and develop a novel lead-free compressive-mode accelerometer based on BCZT (Barium Calcium Zirconate Titanate). Environmentally friendly BCZT ceramics were synthesized in this work. The freshly poled BCZT ceramics exhibited an initial maximum piezoelectric coefficient\n \n \n \n \n \n d<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 33<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n of 350\u2009pC\/N, as measured immediately after poling. After storage and thermal cycling associated with temperature-coefficient characterization, the stabilized room-temperature\n \n \n \n \n \n d<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 33<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n decreased to 281.96\u2009pC\/N, which is consistent with the commonly observed aging and domain-relaxation behavior of poled ferroelectric ceramics. Subsequently, we designed a new compressive-mode accelerometer featuring a symmetric dual-element configuration integrated with a charge-amplifier read-out circuit. Through systematic material-structure-circuit co-optimization, our BCZT-based accelerometer achieved a voltage sensitivity of 10.61\u2009mV\/(m\/s\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n ) with an output error of \u22642% and \u00b17.08%FS linearity. Within the investigated operating temperature range of 24\u00b0C\u201370\u00b0C,\n \n \n \n \n \n d<\/mml:mi>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n \n 33<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:msub>\n <\/mml:mrow>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n decreased from 281.96 to 261.25\u2009pC\/N, corresponding to a 7.34% reduction. This research demonstrates that BCZT serves as a high-performance, lead-free alternative for conventional piezoelectric sensing materials, offering enhanced stability and precision for dynamic measurement applications.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1045389x261457217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T11:30:31Z","timestamp":1782819031000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lead-free piezoelectric BCZT accelerometer: Design, optimization, and performance analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Yuze","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P.R. 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