{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:26:29Z","timestamp":1793658389516,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702944000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"GoodElectronics Network","award":["This research was funded by the GoodElectronics Ne"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["This research was funded by the GoodElectronics Ne"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Solut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Concerns about chemical exposure in the electronics manufacturing industry have long been recognized, but data are lacking in Southeast Asia. We conducted a study in Batam, Indonesia, to evaluate chemical exposures in electronics facilities, using participatory research and biological monitoring approaches. A convenience sample of 36 workers (28 exposed, 8 controls) was recruited, and urine samples were collected before and after shifts. Five solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, benzene, and xylenes) were found in 46%-97% of samples, and seven metals (arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, tin, antimony, lead, and vanadium) were detected in 60%-100% of samples. Biological monitoring and participatory research appeared to be useful in assessing workers\u2019 exposure when workplace air monitoring is not feasible due to a lack of cooperation from the employer. Several logistical challenges need to be addressed in future biomonitoring studies of electronics workers in Asia in factories where employers are reluctant to track workers' exposure and health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10482911231218478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]],"date-time":"2023-12-19T08:41:52Z","timestamp":1702975312000},"page":"220-235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Biomonitoring of Exposures to Solvents and Metals in Electronics Manufacturing Facilities in Batam, Indonesia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9067-3449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vesara Ardhe","family":"Gatera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University Kuala Lumpur - Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia"},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Campaign for Responsible Technology, San Jose, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9125-9186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fahmi","family":"Panimbang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sedane Labour Resource Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The GoodElectronics Network, Amsterdam, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rizky","family":"Abdulah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Bonham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaina Kateri","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sa","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2002.001073"},{"key":"bibr2-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107a452"},{"key":"bibr3-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.1998.4.1.1"},{"key":"bibr4-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/oeh.2002.8.2.163"},{"key":"bibr5-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199603000-00004"},{"key":"bibr6-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jom.0000183094.42763.f0"},{"key":"bibr7-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2005.023366"},{"key":"bibr8-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3181f7e520"},{"key":"bibr9-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-5-30"},{"key":"bibr10-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-7-13"},{"key":"bibr11-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2049396713Y.0000000050"},{"key":"bibr12-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqg111"},{"key":"bibr13-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqi156"},{"key":"bibr14-10482911231218478","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.42.8.546"},{"key":"bibr15-10482911231218478","first-page":"215","volume":"49","author":"Sorahan T","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"bibr16-10482911231218478","unstructured":"Darnton A, Wilkinson S, Miller B, et al. 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