{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T18:23:26Z","timestamp":1791829406318,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000077","name":"Division of Social and Economic Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1827817"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1827817"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000077","name":"Division of Social and Economic Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2120510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2120510"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000077","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["New Solut"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    How do non-governmental standards matter for occupational and environmental health and safety? Internationally recognized standards specify requirements for structural firefighter personal protective equipment (PPE), but concerns have emerged about hazardous chemicals and firefighters\u2019 potential exposures. In this paper, we draw on the case of the National Fire Protection Association's standards for firefighter PPE to develop the concept of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">peri-governance<\/jats:italic>\n                    , work done by non-governmental actors or organizations that exerts governance force through various mechanisms, including government entities. We conducted qualitative interviews with firefighters, industry representatives, activists, and other experts to identify firefighter and union concerns related to the development of PPE standards, and advocacy related to those concerns. We find that peri-governmental standards can exert essentially binding influence over sectors of society through four mechanisms: formal regulatory and legal requirements, fear of legal liability, insurance requirements, and universal uptake by relevant users. Peri-governance raises specific concerns about transparency, fairness, and public\u2013private interactions, making the concept useful in examining other standards and governance more broadly.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/10482911261482003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T03:19:26Z","timestamp":1788146366000},"page":"285-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Firefighter Turnout Gear and Peri-Governmental Influences"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4289-819X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Mok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3049-5351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Wasserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitman College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7627-5228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phil","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northeastern University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5223-2848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alissa","family":"Cordner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitman College"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"NFPA. 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