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To develop validity, content experts provided input into the survey measures, and a \u201cthink aloud\u201d methodology was conducted with 23 American Indian women. After revising the measurements based on this input, a test\u2013retest was conducted with 79 American Indian women who were randomized to complete either the original measurements or the new, modified measurements. The test\u2013retest revealed that some of the questions performed better for the modified version, whereas others appeared to be more reliable for the original version. The mixed-methods approach was a useful methodology for gathering feedback on survey measurements from American Indian participants and in indicating specific survey questions that needed to be modified for this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315582010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]],"date-time":"2015-04-17T22:52:31Z","timestamp":1429311151000},"page":"820-830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Establishing Survey Validity and Reliability for American Indians Through \u201cThink Aloud\u201d and Test\u2013Retest Methods"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Cindy Horst","family":"Hauge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacque","family":"Jacobs-Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oglala Sioux Tribe CHOICES Program, Pine Ridge, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan E.","family":"Puumala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgiana","family":"Wilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica D.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711104040210"},{"key":"bibr2-1049732315582010","volume-title":"AUDIT: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test: Guidelines for use in primary care","author":"Babor T.","year":"2001","edition":"2"},{"key":"bibr3-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31816fea3d"},{"key":"bibr4-1049732315582010","volume-title":"Paper presented at the SAS Global Forum","author":"Blood E.","year":"2007"},{"key":"bibr5-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00152-7"},{"key":"bibr6-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/jnm-v14i2a003"},{"key":"bibr7-1049732315582010","first-page":"501","volume":"103","author":"Chase K.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of the American Dietetic Association"},{"key":"bibr8-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/ags089"},{"key":"bibr9-1049732315582010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(90)90159-M"},{"key":"bibr10-1049732315582010","volume-title":"Handbook of qualitative research","author":"Denzin N. 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