{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:10:27Z","timestamp":1787019027957,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,23]],"date-time":"2017-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Qual Health Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) treats opioid use disorder among people who inject drugs (PWID). To understand why PWID may voluntarily discontinue MMT, we analyzed data from 25 focus groups conducted in five Ukrainian cities from February to April 2013 with 199 participants who were currently, previously, or never on MMT. Using constant comparison method, we uncovered three themes explaining why PWID transition off MMT: (a) purposeful resistance to rigid social control associated with how MMT is delivered and to power asymmetries in provider\u2013patient relationships, (b) self-management of a PWID\u2019s \u201cwounded identity\u201d that is common in socially stigmatized and physically sick persons\u2014MMT serves as a reminder of their illness, and (c) the quest for a \u201cnormal life\u201d uninterrupted by daily MMT site visits, harassment, and time inefficiencies, resources, and social capital. Focusing on holistic principles of recovery would improve addiction treatment and HIV prevention in Ukraine and globally.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732317732307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,23]],"date-time":"2017-09-23T04:39:57Z","timestamp":1506141597000},"page":"2057-2070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Why People Who Inject Drugs Voluntarily Transition Off Methadone in Ukraine"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Rozanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruthanne","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faye S.","family":"Taxman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha J.","family":"Bojko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynn","family":"Madden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"APT Foundation, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott O.","family":"Farnum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"APT Foundation, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyona","family":"Mazhnaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICF Alliance for Public Health, Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergii","family":"Dvoriak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ukrainian Institute on Public Health Policy, Kyiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick L.","family":"Altice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"},{"name":"APT Foundation, New Haven, Connecticut, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-1049732317732307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000423"},{"key":"bibr2-1049732317732307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30856-X"},{"key":"bibr3-1049732317732307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60829-X"},{"key":"bibr4-1049732317732307","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsat.2005.02.007"},{"key":"bibr5-1049732317732307","unstructured":"Anonymous. 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